He Shou Wu (Fo Ti) extract was found to prolong the hair growth phase, inhibit 5-alpha-reductase (like finasteride), reduce androgen receptors, and increase growth factors, potentially outperforming minoxidil in recovering hair follicle size after DHT exposure. Two compounds, emodin and TSG, are identified as responsible for these effects and warrant further investigation.
Follistatin, known for inhibiting myostatin and promoting muscle growth in mice, is being discussed as a potential treatment for hair loss. Specific treatments mentioned include Minoxidil, Finasteride, and RU58841.
Osteopontin, a protein involved in hair growth on moles, may help with hair loss. However, it is also linked to Alzheimer's, cancer, and bone development, so caution is advised.
IGFBP‐rP1 shows potential for treating androgenic alopecia by influencing hair cycle transitions. Increasing IGF-1 levels may have similar effects to Minoxidil and 5-AR inhibitors in reducing hair loss.
Fatty acid metabolic signaling can activate epithelial stem cells for hair regeneration. Oleic and palmitoleic acids showed the best results, but practical application on humans remains uncertain.