235 citations
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June 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Kidney stones form due to factors like urine concentration, calcium deposits, hormones, gut bacteria, and immune response.
14 citations
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May 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Lower testosterone levels increase kidney stone risk in men over 40.
9 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of analytical & bioanalytical techniques” The study did not conclude whether hair can reliably indicate kidney stones, cholelithiasis, hypertension, or diabetes.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Older age and low testosterone increase the risk of kidney stones in men.
1 citations
,
August 2023 in “Diagnostics” Women with PCOS are more likely to develop kidney stones, especially those with certain PCOS types.