43 citations
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August 2010 in “Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs” Inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 show potential for treating type 2 diabetes but require more testing for safety and effectiveness.
11 citations
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June 1979 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The enzyme system in hair follicles is similar to the liver's and is affected by certain inhibitors.
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February 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The enzyme for activating vitamin D is found in many body tissues, not just the kidneys.
81 citations
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July 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain mutations in the H6PD gene cause Cortisone Reductase Deficiency by affecting hormone production.
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January 1997 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Human liver enzyme DHEA ST helps process minoxidil.
Blocking 11β-HSD1 reduces stress hormone damage in hair growth cells.
57 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
8 citations
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December 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.
August 2025 in “American Journal of Case Reports” Accurate diagnosis and early specialist referral are crucial for managing 46,XY Disorders of Sex Development.
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November 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Females with 5 alpha-reductase-2 deficiency have less body hair, no acne, normal fertility, and delayed menarche.
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January 2017 in “Yonsei Medical Journal” Blocking 11β-HSD1 can lessen the harmful effects of glucocorticoids on hair growth cells.
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January 1989 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Women with hyperandrogenism have higher androgen levels and lower SHBG, which may contribute to conditions like excessive hair growth and early puberty.
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August 2012 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” A woman's hyperandrogenism was caused by a genetic mutation leading to non-classic adrenogenital syndrome.
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
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May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.
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July 2019 in “Endocrinology” Certain HSD3B1 gene types are linked to worse prostate cancer outcomes and affect treatment response and other health conditions.
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March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.
1 citations
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January 2017 in “Tohoku journal of experimental medicine” A woman's mature cystic teratoma caused her virilization by producing testosterone.
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June 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.
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June 2018 in “Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism/Journal of pediatric endocrinology and metabolism” Patients with the same genetic mutation for vitamin D-resistant rickets showed different symptoms but all improved with treatment except for hair loss.
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September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking a specific enzyme can reduce the negative impact of stress hormones on hair growth cells.
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June 2006 in “Fertility and Sterility” Nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency is a common, treatable genetic disorder causing reversible symptoms like acne and hair loss.
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November 2019 in “Neuroendocrinology” Measuring 17-hydroxyprogesterone in hair can help monitor androgen levels in people with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
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August 2010 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” Type 3 5α-reductase is more common and finasteride and dutasteride strongly inhibit it.
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November 1999 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Hair sensitivity to androgens is partly controlled by specific enzyme expressions in different hair areas.
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March 2010 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Curcumin and its derivatives can block an enzyme important for making testosterone, with one derivative being particularly strong.
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August 1988 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 179 citations
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May 1982 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” High levels of 3 alpha-diol glucuronide in the blood are a marker of increased androgen action in women with excessive hair growth of unknown cause.
January 2023 in “Pediatrics International” Non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency can be missed in newborn screenings and should be considered in cases of early puberty or virilization.
7 citations
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April 1992 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Women with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia have higher levels of certain steroids, which can be reduced by treatment.