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Glossary3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase

enzyme crucial for converting steroid precursors into active hormones

3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids, including androgens, estrogens, and glucocorticoids. It catalyzes the conversion of Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroids to Δ4-3-ketosteroids, a key step in the production of hormones that regulate various physiological processes, including hair growth and skin health.

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research A new compound heterozygous frameshift mutation in the type II 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) gene causes salt-wasting 3 beta-HSD deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

29 citations , January 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

A genetic mutation in a specific gene causes a salt-wasting condition in a Pakistani girl and her family.

research Effect of 3-Beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase on Serum Testosterone Level in Obese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

June 2025 in “Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences”

3βHSD2 is not useful for diagnosing PCOS.

research 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency in the Mediterranean population.

46 citations , August 2006 in “PubMed”

A genetic defect causes males in some Mediterranean populations to be born with ambiguous genitalia and develop male traits at puberty.

research Enzymology of the hair follicle.

31 citations , August 2001 in “PubMed”

Hair follicles convert androgens, affecting hair loss patterns.

research The Use of Trilostane for the Treatment of Alopecia X in Alaskan Malamutes

15 citations , September 2005 in “The Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association/Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association”

Trilostane effectively treated hair loss in Alaskan Malamutes with no adverse effects.

research Sebocytes are the Key Regulators of Androgen Homeostasis in Human Skin

196 citations , May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.

Higher Levels of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein and Type I 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in the Scalp of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

research Higher Levels of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein and Type I 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in the Scalp of Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

23 citations , June 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Men with baldness have higher levels of specific proteins, suggesting local hormone production may play a role in hair loss.

Glioblastoma Cells Express Crucial Enzymes Involved in Androgen Synthesis: 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase, 17-20α-Hydroxylase, 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase, and 5α-Reductase

research Glioblastoma cells express crucial enzymes involved in androgen synthesis: 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17‐20α‐hydroxylase, 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 5α‐reductase

5 citations , July 2021 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism”

Glioblastoma cells can make androgens, which might help the tumor grow.

Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (17β-HSD3, 17β-HSD5, and 3α-HSD3) Inhibitors: Extragonadal Regulation of Intracellular Sex Steroid Hormone Levels

research Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (17β -HSD3, 17β-HSD5, and 3α-HSD3) Inhibitors:Extragonadal Regulation of Intracellular Sex Steroid Hormone Levels

20 citations , June 2007 in “Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery”

Certain inhibitors can potentially treat prostate cancer and other hormone-dependent conditions by controlling sex hormone levels in cells.

Expression of mRNA for Androgen Receptor, 5α-Reductase, and 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

research Expression of mRNA for androgen receptor, 5alpha-reductase and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human dermal papilla cells

63 citations , November 1999 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

Hair sensitivity to androgens is partly controlled by specific enzyme expressions in different hair areas.

research Delayed Diagnosis of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Deficiency

September 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports”

Consider rare forms of CAH for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

An Adult With Hair Loss: A Rare Case of Non-Classical 3β Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Deficiency

research An Adult With Hair Loss! a Rare Case of Non-Classical 3β Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (3β HSD) Deficiency

May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

A woman's hair loss and other symptoms were due to a rare hormone deficiency treatable with steroids.

research Cutaneous hydroxystereoid dehydrogenases and rat-hair-cycle

2 citations , January 1975 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

Certain enzymes react strongly with some hormones in rat skin during hair growth, mainly in sebaceous glands and hair sheaths.

research MALE PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM DUE TO 17β-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY: STUDIES ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE DEFECT AND EFFECT OF ANDROGENS ON GENDER ROLE

January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.

research Influence of estrogens on the androgen metabolism in different subunits of human hair follicles.

41 citations , July 2001 in “PubMed”

Estrogens can reduce DHT production in hair follicles, but are less effective than finasteride and progesterone.

research 5α-Reductase activity in the human hair follicle concentrates in the dermal papilla

41 citations , March 1998 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

The enzyme that changes testosterone to a stronger form is mostly found in the part of the hair follicle called the dermal papilla.

research Modulation of glucocorticoid action and the treatment of type-2 diabetes

54 citations , December 2007 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

Targeting glucocorticoid action might help treat type-2 diabetes, but human trials are needed.

research Annotated Patent Selections

January 2000 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents”

The document highlights various patents for new compounds with potential treatments for multiple diseases, including cancer, hormonal disorders, and diabetes.

research A Platform for Determining Medicinal Plants with Targeted 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Modulation for Possible Hair Loss Prevention

February 2024 in “Cosmetics”

The conclusion is that new plant-based treatments for hair loss may work by targeting certain enzymes.

research Evidence for Increased 5α-Reductase Activity During Early Childhood in Daughters of Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

40 citations , March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

Young girls whose mothers have PCOS may have higher activity of a specific enzyme that could lead to developing PCOS later.

research Sulforaphane promotes murine hair growth by accelerating the degradation of dihydrotestosterone

12 citations , February 2016 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

Sulforaphane may help with hair growth by breaking down a hormone that causes hair loss.

research Baicalin inhibits recruitment of GATA1 to the HSD3B2 promoter and reverses hyperandrogenism of PCOS

12 citations , January 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology”

Baicalin may help reduce excessive male hormone levels in PCOS.

research 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes

43 citations , August 2010 in “Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs”

Inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 show potential for treating type 2 diabetes but require more testing for safety and effectiveness.

Expression of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Is Associated with Adiposity

research Expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with adiposity

18 citations , December 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.

Oxidative Activity of the Type 2 Isozyme of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Predominates in Human Sebaceous Glands

research Oxidative Activity of the Type 2 Isozyme of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) Predominates in Human Sebaceous Glands

45 citations , September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.

Mechanisms of Disease: Selective Inhibition of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 as a Novel Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome

research Mechanisms of Disease: selective inhibition of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 as a novel treatment for the metabolic syndrome

69 citations , December 2005 in “Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism”

Blocking the enzyme 11β-HSD1 might help treat obesity and metabolic issues.

Physiopathological Role of the Enzymatic Complex 5α-Reductase and 3α/β-Hydroxysteroid Oxidoreductase in the Generation of Progesterone and Testosterone Neuroactive Metabolites

research Physiopathological role of the enzymatic complex 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in the generation of progesterone and testosterone neuroactive metabolites

18 citations , March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology”

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

research 46, XY Disorder of Sexual Development with Ambiguous Female External Genitalia: A Case Report

May 2021 in “Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine”

A 13-year-old with 46 XY DSD had ambiguous genitalia due to incomplete masculinization.

25 Years of Estrogen Receptor Beta: A Personal Journey

research 25 years of ERβ: a personal journey

11 citations , September 2021 in “Journal of molecular endocrinology”

ERβ has potential in treating prostate cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, but human studies are needed before clinical use.

research Steroid 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency in man: An inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism

46 citations , December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.