January 2004 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Men with androgenetic alopecia do not have elevated DHEA-S levels.
46 citations
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May 2012 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Human skin produces sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone, influenced by ARO and StAR, which may affect skin elasticity and hair growth.
9 citations
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September 1996 in “PubMed” January 1978 in “Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)” Inhibiting testosterone 5alpha-reductase may help treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.
45 citations
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January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.
50 citations
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August 1985 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Spironolactone reduces the enzyme activity that converts testosterone to DHT, helping treat excessive hair growth in women.
2 citations
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April 2013 in “Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism” Identifying nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia and carriers of CYP21 mutations is challenging, and genetic counseling is recommended due to their prevalence.
124 citations
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November 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.
January 2009 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” DHEA therapy improves pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in young females with central adrenal insufficiency.
1 citations
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May 2013 in “Hair transplant forum international” Non-classical 21 hydroxylase deficiency is an underdiagnosed cause of female hair loss and polycystic ovarian syndrome.
1 citations
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March 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Testosterone, progesterone, and levonorgestrel change enzyme levels related to fat production in hamster skin, which could affect skin oil and acne.
8 citations
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January 2012 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” 5α-Reductase helps regulate hormone action in toad testes, especially during breeding season.
May 2009 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” DHEA therapy improved pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in young females with adrenal insufficiency.
18 citations
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January 1990 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Lower doses of dexamethasone can safely reduce high DHEAS levels in women with androgenic disorders.
October 2004 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Men with hair loss don't necessarily have higher levels of the hormone DHEA-S, but this hormone tends to decrease with age.
3 citations
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May 2022 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hair steroid measurement is an effective method to diagnose and monitor CAH in developing countries.
17 citations
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June 2012 in “European journal of medicinal chemistry” New steroid compounds effectively inhibit 5α-reductase and may treat hair loss.
29 citations
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July 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The enzymes Aldh1a2 and Aldh1a3 are involved in making retinoic acid in hair follicles and have different roles in hair growth.
4 citations
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July 2015 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Two types of 5α-reductase are in dog skin, which might make dutasteride better than finasteride for treating dog hair loss.
29 citations
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May 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Androgens don't directly affect hair cell growth or protein production.
September 2009 in “Annales D Endocrinologie” DHEA supplementation may improve quality of life, neuropsychological functions, and sexual satisfaction in individuals with adrenal insufficiency, but more research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.
Women with androgenetic alopecia have normal levels of most blood steroids and binding proteins, but higher dehydroepiandrosterone. Some also have low "sex hormone-binding globulin" and "corticosteroide-binding globulin" capacity, and high "free androgen index" and "free cortisol index". Diane treatment can normalize these levels and improve hair conditions.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Glucocorticoid treatment lowered androgen levels but didn't improve hirsutism or ovulation and caused weight gain.
54 citations
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February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.
October 2020 in “Journal of the American Society of Nephrology” Drospirenone can hide symptoms of certain hormonal disorders, complicating diagnosis.
August 2025 in “American Journal of Case Reports” Accurate diagnosis and early specialist referral are crucial for managing 46,XY Disorders of Sex Development.
27 citations
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February 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Male cells need DHT to respond to testosterone, while female cells do not.
20 citations
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March 2017 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have higher 5α-reductase activity, which may be linked to insulin resistance.
91 citations
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November 2008 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” DGAT1 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and hair by regulating retinoid levels.
3 citations
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August 2021 in “Nutrition research” Estrogen affects how vitamin A is processed in mouse skin, which may impact acne treatment, hair growth, and skin defense.