13 citations
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January 1997 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Human liver enzyme DHEA ST helps process minoxidil.
4 citations
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November 2022 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” The enzyme 5α-reductase type 1 is important for blood vessel development and fertility in the uterus.
510 citations
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August 2006 in “Endocrinology” The vitamin D receptor is involved in multiple body functions beyond calcium regulation, including immune response and rapid reactions not related to gene activity.
January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks” Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.
May 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The enzyme 5α-reductase is important for proper blood vessel development during the fertility-related transformation of the uterus lining.
3 citations
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March 2016 in “Medicinal Chemistry Research” Scientists found out the structure of a human enzyme linked to prostate cancer and hair loss, which could help in designing drugs.
24 citations
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November 2008 in “Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia” Four patients with a type of rickets and hair loss had different mutations in their vitamin D receptor gene, causing it to not work properly.
45 citations
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August 2010 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” Type 3 5α-reductase is more common and finasteride and dutasteride strongly inhibit it.
12 citations
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September 2014 in “Bone” A vitamin D receptor mutation causes rickets and affects immune responses.
63 citations
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November 1999 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Hair sensitivity to androgens is partly controlled by specific enzyme expressions in different hair areas.
37 citations
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October 2006 in “Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics” A unique gene mutation causes vitamin D-resistant rickets without causing hair loss.
196 citations
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May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.
41 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
69 citations
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August 1988 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 13 citations
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April 1994 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Some people have genetic mutations that make them resistant to vitamin D, leading to rickets even with enough vitamin D intake.
73 citations
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April 1999 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and mineral metabolism.
25 citations
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June 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.
18 citations
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October 2009 in “Endocrinology” Different Hairless isoforms affect Vitamin D receptor activity in hair regulation, with one repressing and the other stimulating it.
98 citations
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July 1983 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Individuals with this condition often develop male traits and identities at puberty despite being raised as females.
The vitamin D receptor has many roles in the body beyond managing calcium, affecting the immune system, hair growth, muscles, fat, bone marrow, and cancer cells.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare genetic mutation causes resistance to vitamin D, leading to severe rickets and requires high doses of calcium and vitamin D for management.
19 citations
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August 1999 in “European journal of endocrinology” The study concluded that testing hormone levels after stimulation is not reliable for identifying carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency; genetic testing is necessary.
179 citations
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May 1982 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” High levels of 3 alpha-diol glucuronide in the blood are a marker of increased androgen action in women with excessive hair growth of unknown cause.
57 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
July 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The structure of SRD5A reveals how it reduces steroids, aiding drug design for related health conditions.
37 citations
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August 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” The vitamin D receptor can regulate genes and affect hair and hormone levels without its usual activator.
10 citations
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January 2014 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Three new gene mutations cause rickets and hair loss, treatable with high calcium and calcidol, but hair regrowth is rare.
70 citations
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April 2014 in “Annales d'endocrinologie” New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.
140 citations
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April 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The enzyme 25 Hydroxyvitamin D 1 α-Hydroxylase is essential for healthy skin and recovery after skin damage.
10 citations
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February 2008 in “Photochemistry and photobiology” Vitamin D receptor can control the hairless gene linked to hair loss even without vitamin D.