October 2023 in “Revista Medicina Cutánea Ibero-Latino-Americana” Alopecia areata often appears on the scalp and is linked to various health issues, needing thorough evaluation.
August 2020 in “Revista de chimie” Nitroglycerin ointment is now used to treat several skin conditions with fewer side effects.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
3 citations
,
July 2008 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Terbinafine can cause hair loss.
100 citations
,
September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.
1 citations
,
September 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks” SOX2 is crucial for skin cell function and hair growth, and it plays a role in skin cancer and wound healing.
September 1999 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis” Increased ODC expression makes normally tumor-resistant mice more prone to tumor development.
90 citations
,
March 2017 in “JAMA Internal Medicine” Men over 66 taking medication for prostate enlargement have a higher risk of depression and self-harm, especially in the first 18 months of treatment.
45 citations
,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.
18 citations
,
June 2017 in “Journal of the neurological sciences” Using 5 alpha reductase inhibitors may increase dementia risk in the first two years.
13 citations
,
November 2019 in “Scientific reports” Certain drugs change freshwater snail shells to a "banana" shape.
11 citations
,
December 2011 in “PubMed” 5% minoxidil solution effectively treats hair loss in men and women.
9 citations
,
August 2019 in “Clinical genitourinary cancer” Taking 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors before bladder removal surgery might make high-grade bladder tumors less aggressive.
6 citations
,
June 2022 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Tamsulosin with Serenoa repens is as effective as with 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors but causes fewer side effects.
6 citations
,
January 2018 in “Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety” Starting 5-alpha reductase inhibitors does not significantly increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis in older men, but is linked to a higher risk of muscle conditions.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors, and their effects differ from men.
January 2026 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Female-marketed minoxidil foam is more expensive than male-marketed, but generic and bulk options can reduce this gap.
54 citations
,
November 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Females with 5 alpha-reductase-2 deficiency have less body hair, no acne, normal fertility, and delayed menarche.
53 citations
,
May 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Different mutations in the 5 alpha-reductase-2 gene were found in affected individuals in the Dominican Republic, suggesting no common ancestry.
18 citations
,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
11 citations
,
May 1996 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The main enzyme found in pubic skin that could be targeted to treat excessive hair growth is 5 alpha-R2.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” 5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.
11 citations
,
May 2002 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride doesn't harm bone density in older men with BPH.
6 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” MK-386 and finasteride together effectively reduce DHT levels, potentially treating acne and male pattern baldness.
46 citations
,
October 1999 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Finasteride effectively treats male pattern hair loss with a 1 mg daily dose.
3 citations
,
June 2017 in “Reproductive biomedicine online” A certain mutation in the fetal alpha 5-reductase gene is linked to a higher risk of late miscarriage.
November 2014 in “Clinical Neurophysiology” High doses of progesterone can reduce seizures in mice.
89 citations
,
February 1993 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” New compounds called benzoquinolinones may treat conditions linked to excess DHT.
53 citations
,
June 1993 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” LY191704 is a compound that effectively blocks a specific enzyme involved in hormone conversion and could help treat enlarged prostate and hair loss.
51 citations
,
July 2013 in “Brain Research” Testosterone needs to be converted to DHT to reduce stress response in male rats.