18 citations
,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
7 citations
,
January 2014 in “Case reports in endocrinology” A woman's excessive hair growth was caused by a rare benign tumor in her adrenal gland, which was successfully removed.
5 citations
,
January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy improved symptoms in a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
22 citations
,
September 2015 in “Fertility and Sterility” The oral glucose tolerance test is effective in detecting abnormal glucose tolerance in Indian women with PCOS.
7 citations
,
September 2014 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Ultrasound measurement of the ovarian stroma to total area ratio is not a reliable single predictor of high male hormone levels in Thai women with PCOS, but works better when combined with clinical signs.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A patient produced cortisol after adrenalectomy, possibly due to residual tissue or other body parts making steroids.
1 citations
,
February 2016 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” An 84-year-old woman's hair loss was due to a rare condition called Leydig cell hyperplasia, which was treated with surgery.
31 citations
,
February 1997 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” People who carry the 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency gene are not more likely to have excessive male hormone levels.
January 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Women with severe acne, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia often have higher levels of certain androgens, but the specific pattern can't be predicted just by looking at symptoms.
January 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Lower testosterone levels in men may be linked to a higher risk of severe coronary artery disease.
20 citations
,
October 2017 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.
14 citations
,
December 2010 in “Seminars in Oncology” Rare adrenal cancers that secrete androgens or estrogens have a poor prognosis and are treated primarily with surgery.
13 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” Most hirsutism patients had idiopathic hirsutism or PCOS, with hormonal imbalances and signs like acne and irregular periods.
9 citations
,
June 2014 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Blood AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS than in those with other similar conditions.
42 citations
,
November 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” The document suggests creating a validated score to diagnose Cushing's Syndrome and considers plasma steroid profiling as a simpler diagnostic method.
22 citations
,
June 2010 in “Experimental Dermatology” Lower MC2R expression may contribute to alopecia areata.
20 citations
,
November 2019 in “Biomolecules” Finasteride reduces response to stress and rewards, affecting behavior and mental health.
5 citations
,
April 2011 in “The Lancet” Untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia can lead to complications like stroke and needs glucocorticoid treatment.
2 citations
,
November 2011 in “InTech eBooks” Most adrenal cortex tumors are benign and non-secreting, but proper diagnosis and treatment are important due to the rare possibility of cancer.
2 citations
,
June 2020 in “AIDS” Recreational drug use can cause misdiagnosed conditions and drug interactions in HIV patients.
1 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Biosciences and Medicines” The ACTH/MC2R system is crucial for controlling hair growth cycles in mice.
1 citations
,
January 2016 in “Medicinski glasnik Specijalne bolnice za bolesti štitaste žlezde i bolesti metabolizma” Most 46XX CAH patients have female identity, but a few identify as male and may need treatment and surgery.
1 citations
,
November 1953 in “Archives of Dermatology” The document discusses various challenging skin conditions and their treatments.
May 2024 in “Journal of clinical case studies reviews & reports” A man's health improved after treating his undiagnosed adrenal insufficiency, which caused fatigue and weight loss.
April 2024 in “JCEM case reports” A woman's rare benign tumor that released both cortisol and testosterone was successfully removed, improving her health.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Removing the ovarian tumor improved the woman's hormonal symptoms.
December 2016 in “Springer eBooks” Chrousos Syndrome is caused by mutations that make the body less sensitive to glucocorticoids, leading to various symptoms and requiring high-dose treatment.
May 2016 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Proximal hair cortisol is a reliable tool for diagnosing Cushing's Syndrome.