November 2025 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine” Upadacitinib effectively treats severe alopecia areata and is safe.
August 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Higher FABP4 levels may help diagnose androgenetic alopecia early.
128 citations
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December 2006 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Altering SSAT affects fat metabolism and body fat in mice.
74 citations
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October 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Acne patients have higher levels of mTOR in their skin, which could be linked to future metabolic disease.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The research identified unique metabolic activities in immune cells associated with hair loss in Alopecia Areata.
April 2014 in “The FASEB Journal” Testosterone reduces knee movement, while flutamide and finasteride increase it.
June 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Upadacitinib may effectively treat resistant lichen planopilaris.
46 citations
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November 2004 in “Lipids” PPARs help regulate skin health and could be used to treat skin disorders.
January 2026 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Janus kinase inhibitors reduce inflammation markers in severe alopecia areata patients.
November 2023 in “Dermatologica sinica/Zhōnghuá pífūkē yīxué zázhì” Upadacitinib helped regrow hair in a severe alopecia areata patient but stopping treatment caused hair loss to return.
November 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Different types of PPARγ are found in varying amounts in human skin and its parts, which could affect how skin treatments work.
110 citations
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April 2009 in “Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton” β‐thymosins, especially thymosin β4, help in heart protection, wound healing, and hair growth by stabilizing actin in cells.
6 citations
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October 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Prostaglandins and the enzyme AKR1C3 could play a role in skin cancer and hair loss, and further research is needed to understand these mechanisms.
21 citations
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May 2023 in “The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice” 18 citations
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October 2020 in “Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics” KATP channel openers may cause peripheral edema by reducing lymphatic contractions and flow.
24 citations
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December 2018 in “Inflammation and Regeneration” Phospholipase A2 enzymes play key roles in skin health and disease.
June 2018 in “Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences” Skin problems like excessive hair growth, acne, and dark skin patches can be signs of Polycystic Ovarian Disease, which may also be linked to family history and a risk for diabetes.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Low oxygen levels affect the behavior of certain proteins in human skin cells.
1 citations
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March 2017 in “InTech eBooks”
May 2025 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” JAK-inhibitors for alopecia areata are generally safe with mostly mild side effects and a low rate of treatment withdrawal.
17 citations
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June 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Mutations in hKAP1 genes may cause hereditary hair disorders.
52 citations
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September 2014 in “Nature medicine” JAK inhibitors might help treat alopecia areata.
18 citations
,
October 2021 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.
13 citations
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August 2017 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 may not effectively control immune activation in alopecia areata.
1 citations
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March 2023 in “International Wound Journal” CCN1 may aid wound healing, but more research with larger samples is needed.
November 2019 in “Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology” Children with metabolic syndrome often have skin problems like dark patches, skin tags, stretch marks, infections, acne, and psoriasis, which are linked to obesity and insulin resistance.
16 citations
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March 2014 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Korean patients with PCOS often have skin problems like acne and excess hair, with different symptoms based on their specific PCOS type.
September 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Exposure to fatty acids significantly increased androgen levels in female dogs, suggesting a link to conditions like insulin resistance and PCOS.
September 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Certain proteins are significantly increased in the skin of people with hidradenitis suppurativa.