October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hirsutism in young girls can have various causes beyond PCOS, so diagnoses should be reconsidered if treatments don't work.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome linked to metastatic cervical cancer is rare and has high risks.
May 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.
November 2022 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, a condition with symptoms like increased hair growth and acne, is usually caused by PCOS but can also be due to other factors. It's diagnosed by checking testosterone levels and treated either by removing the adrenal tumor or through antiandrogen therapy.
December 2025 in “Biology” Male and female mice handle stress differently.
32 citations
,
January 2010 in “Journal of Korean Medical Science” A rare adrenal tumor in a 14-year-old girl caused male-like symptoms and was successfully removed.
2 citations
,
May 2023 in “Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Pterostilbene significantly reduces prostate enlargement and has strong antioxidant effects.
October 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks” Spironolactone can cause side effects like high potassium levels and breast enlargement, and patients need careful monitoring.
30 citations
,
September 2016 in “BMJ” Taking 5-α reductase inhibitors for prostate enlargement or hair loss does not significantly raise the risk of erectile dysfunction.
20 citations
,
January 2017 in “Nutrition Research and Practice” Corn silk extract helps reduce prostate enlargement symptoms.
2 citations
,
January 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Purple corn extract may help reduce prostate enlargement and inflammation.
97 citations
,
April 2016 in “Andrology” Hormones and metabolism play a complex role in prostate enlargement, and more research is needed to improve diagnosis and treatment.
149 citations
,
June 2002 in “Veterinary record/The veterinary record” Trilostane effectively improved symptoms in dogs with a certain adrenal gland disorder.
86 citations
,
October 2017 in “Translational pediatrics” Skin changes can help diagnose and manage endocrine disorders like thyroid problems, diabetes, and adrenal gland conditions.
20 citations
,
February 2002 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” New research is needed to create better drugs that block the enzyme responsible for conditions like male baldness and prostate enlargement.
December 2018 in “Actas urológicas españolas” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may have additional effects on cancer, mental health, heart health, and hormone levels beyond treating prostate enlargement.
September 2025 in “Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum” Mirtazapine can cause male breast enlargement.
August 2017 in “Journal of pediatric surgery case reports” A toddler with a rare adrenal gland tumor causing male-like physical changes was successfully treated with surgery.
23 citations
,
May 1984 in “Journal of the American Geriatrics Society” Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia may be caused by changes in how the body processes male hormones.
1 citations
,
December 2017 in “Research for Rural Development/Research for Rural Development (Online)” Neutered ferrets often develop hyperadrenocorticism, with symptoms like hair loss and lethargy, and androstenedione is a key indicator for diagnosis.
1 citations
,
February 2016 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” An 84-year-old woman's hair loss was due to a rare condition called Leydig cell hyperplasia, which was treated with surgery.
16 citations
,
July 2002 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Birth control pills can help reduce mild to moderate acne in women.
12 citations
,
January 2009 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A postmenopausal woman's hair loss and excess hair growth improved after surgery for ovarian hyperthecosis.
11 citations
,
May 1990 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Diazoxide applied to the skin can increase hair growth without harmful side effects.
Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.
September 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.
13 citations
,
January 1995 in “Postgraduate medicine” Excessive hair growth in women can be harmless or signal serious health issues, and treatment often includes medication and hair removal, with noticeable results after 3-6 months.
54 citations
,
June 1985 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Minoxidil helps grow longer, thicker hair in bald scalps of stumptailed macaques, and early treatment is more effective.
30 citations
,
January 2015 in “BioMed Research International” Continuous light exposure in rats leads to PCOS-like symptoms and suggests sleep habits might affect the disorder's development.
29 citations
,
February 2003 in “Journal of Dermatology” Spironolactone may help enlarge a small breast linked to Becker's nevus.