5 citations
,
November 2015 in “Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry” Certain derivatives are more effective 5α-reductase type 2 inhibitors than finasteride.
35 citations
,
July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” MPA improved hormonal imbalances and acne in women with PCOS without affecting metabolism.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Estetrol (E4) may help treat female pattern hair loss by prolonging hair growth.
October 2025 in “Frontiers in Toxicology” A new method effectively predicts estrogen-related health effects for early screening.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
33 citations
,
January 1979 in “Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica” Diane® is an effective contraceptive that also helps treat acne and mild hair growth issues.
3 citations
,
April 2017 in “Clinical Drug Investigation” The study found that prescribing patterns for Cyproterone Acetate/Ethinylestradiol in Italy did not significantly change after EMA recommendations.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.
January 2009 in “Anhui nongye kexue” Higher estradiol levels slow cashmere goat hair follicle growth.
January 2009 in “Xiandai huagong” Finasteride was successfully synthesized from Pregnadienolone acetate.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
42 citations
,
May 2009 in “Contraception” The oral contraceptive with ethinyl estradiol and chlormadinone acetate is effective in treating moderate acne.
May 2023 in “Reactions Weekly” January 2013 in “Reactions Weekly” January 2020 in “Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society” Tiny lipid particles loaded with a hormone gather in hair follicles, which may help treat hair loss.
January 2008 in “农业科学与技术(英文版)” Higher estradiol levels slow cashmere goat hair growth.
37 citations
,
January 1980 in “PubMed” Hair lotions with 17 alpha-estradiol can reduce hair loss but won't regrow new hair.
1 citations
,
January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Hormonal contraceptives and related compounds can increase health risks like thrombosis and affect sexual function.
January 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Women with severe acne, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia often have higher levels of certain androgens, but the specific pattern can't be predicted just by looking at symptoms.
78 citations
,
October 2003 in “Cochrane library” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol may subjectively improve excessive hair growth in women, but it's not clinically better than other treatments.
186 citations
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December 2011 in “Molecules” Three specific 4-azasteroid-2-oximes showed strong enzyme inhibition, but less than finasteride.
January 2015 in “Side effects of drugs annual” The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.
January 2025 in “American Journal of Translational Research” The combination therapy effectively treats infertility in PCOS without major side effects.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estetrol may help prevent hair loss and support hair growth in women.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “X-ray Structure Analysis Online” A new compound was made that might help treat diseases related to male hormones.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” 17β-estradiol may help hair growth by increasing cannabinoid receptor type 1.
19 citations
,
July 2005 in “Steroids” Testosterone increases 3α-androstanediol levels, which can be blocked by finasteride.