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Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.

New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.

Total testosterone levels can help diagnose androgen-producing tumors and hyperandrogenism in women.

High doses of ethynylestradiol in rats caused growth issues, organ changes, and some tumors, but didn't increase overall tumor rates.

Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.

GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.

Allopregnanolone increases growth and changes gene activity in human brain cancer cells.

A new compound was made that might help treat diseases related to male hormones.

Arsenic trioxide effectively treats relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia with manageable side effects.

RXRa is crucial for Th2 immune cell development and may link nutrition to immune health.

Low-dose topical alpha-terthienyl may be a safer option for treating skin conditions with light therapy.

Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.

The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Bicalutamide does not significantly affect liver enzymes and is a safe anti-androgen option for transfeminine individuals.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.

A 36-year-old person with a female appearance but male chromosomes was diagnosed with a rare enzyme deficiency affecting sexual development.

Loop diuretics may double bone loss in elderly men, finasteride lowers prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors, abarelix reduces testosterone quickly, and transdermal testosterone offers minimal sexual benefit for women.

Properly administered testosterone therapy is safe and effective but often not covered by insurance.

Cyproterone acetate with estradiol improved women's self-confidence and emotional well-being without a difference between oral or transdermal methods, but younger women preferred the oral method.

Thyroid receptor agonists may treat male pattern baldness without harmful side effects.

Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.

Breathing in newborn rats is affected differently by hormones based on their sex.