Nipple area expansion in mice needs both pregnancy hormones and mechanical strain.
48 citations
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May 1991 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Trichohyalin is also found in the outer layers of normal human skin.
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July 2023 in “World Journal of Stem Cells” The hydrogel promotes better wound healing by creating a fetal-like environment.
January 2006 in “Zhongguo bingli shengli zazhi” Murine epidermal stem cells can develop into skin structures without rejection when implanted.
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March 1984 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 7 citations
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February 1982 in “Australian Journal of Biological Sciences” Epithelial cells from young rat hair follicles grow and form aggregates in culture, but don't produce hair keratin proteins.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The research mapped gene activity in developing mouse skin and found key markers for skin cell types and changes from fetal to early postnatal stages.
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May 2022 in “Stem cell reports” The study created hair-bearing skin models that lack a key protein for skin layer attachment, limiting their use for certain skin disease research.
September 2008 in “Acta Ophthalmologica” Hair follicle stem cells can become corneal-like cells with the right environment.
34 citations
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December 1988 in “Pigment Cell Research” Melanocytes appear in fetal skin early, but their development details are still unclear.
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January 2004 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” Corneal cells can transform into hair-producing skin cells when exposed to certain signals.
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February 2017 in “International journal of anatomy and research” Understanding fetal skin development helps diagnose congenital skin diseases.
162 citations
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December 2008 in “Stem Cells” Hair follicle stem cells can become corneal-like cells, potentially helping restore vision.
December 2025 in “The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology” Red Sokoto goat fetuses develop firmer, pigmented skin with hair follicles as they grow.
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February 1968 in “Australian Journal of Zoology” The southern elephant seal's skin layer helps waterproof the skin by being tightly connected to hair shafts.
Fetal environments contain various chemicals that may disrupt hormones.
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October 2022 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” A new hyaluronan-based biomatrix successfully supports the growth of mouse ovarian follicles, producing healthy eggs.
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May 1998 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.
May 2020 in “International journal of dermatology and venereology” Hair matrix cysts are rare skin nodules with unique features, often needing surgical removal.
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July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
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October 2001 in “Tissue engineering” Cultured epithelium can form hair follicles when combined with dermal papillae.
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January 1995 in “The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences” The Indian buffalo teat has a melanin-rich epidermis, no hair follicles, and a complex structure with muscle, blood vessels, and immune cells.
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December 1970 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure” 47 citations
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April 1978 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” Basal cell epithelioma resembles fetal hair follicles, not adult or fetal skin.
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December 2015 in “European journal of cell biology” Tight junctions create a barrier in pig hair follicles that controls what can enter the skin.
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January 1983 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 20 citations
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December 2013 in “PLoS ONE” β1 integrin is essential for the survival, growth, and movement of human epithelial progenitor cells.
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October 2023 in “PROTOPLASMA”
September 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Basement membrane supports fibroblast aggregation, aiding hair follicle development.
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August 1990 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Epithelial cell growth in rat hair follicles needs contact with mesenchymal cells through the extracellular matrix.