May 2022 in “Current Enzyme Inhibition” Compound 7b is a promising candidate for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
23 citations
,
January 2016 in “Transgender health” Hormone therapy with estradiol and spironolactone can regrow scalp hair in transgender women by lowering testosterone to female levels.
4 citations
,
January 2010 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” Low androgen levels can still cause female pattern hair loss.
4 citations
,
May 2002 in “Therapeutische Umschau” AGA treated with finasteride, minoxidil, and hair transplantation.
3 citations
,
January 2021 in “Andrology” Low androgen levels reduce nitric oxide production in rat penile cells.
1 citations
,
June 2015 in “Cancer” Finasteride and dutasteride may lower melanoma risk, with teenage acne possibly indicating higher risk.
Finasteride and dutasteride might lower melanoma risk.
May 2022 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Finasteride may cause sexual dysfunction by reducing epinephrine levels.
November 2014 in “PharmaTutor” Finasteride may help postmenopausal women with hair loss but is not effective for all and should be used cautiously in premenopausal women.
5 citations
,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Research from 2011 to 2020 shows androgen receptors could be key for prognosis and treatment in certain breast cancers.
76 citations
,
December 2009 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Hormonal treatments can help with acne but are not the first choice due to side effects and the need for careful patient selection.
59 citations
,
May 2014 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” The document concludes that targeting 5α-reductase, the androgen receptor, and hair growth genes, along with using compounds with anti-androgenic properties, could lead to more effective hair loss treatments.
56 citations
,
November 2007 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Two enzymes regulate androgen receptor activity, affecting treatments for androgen insufficiency and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
11 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Female mice with disrupted 5α-reductase 1 had significant metabolic issues, including stress response problems, insulin resistance, liver fat buildup, and obesity.
6 citations
,
August 2009 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.
February 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Silencing SFRP1 alone promotes hair growth, but adding DKK1 does not help.
July 2025 in “Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health” 5α-reductase inhibitors effectively treat enlarged prostate and hair loss but require careful use due to possible side effects.
203 citations
,
December 2004 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Early diagnosis and treatment, using finasteride, minoxidil, or hair transplantation, improves hair loss outcomes.
179 citations
,
September 1998 in “BMJ” Hair loss in men is common, treatable, but not curable.
124 citations
,
September 1992 in “Endocrinology” The human type II 5α-reductase gene, linked to certain male health conditions, has a specific structure and low similarity to other related genes.
111 citations
,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.
97 citations
,
November 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.
90 citations
,
December 2007 in “Current Oncology” Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.
78 citations
,
January 2000 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Norgestimate is the most effective birth control progestin for reducing an enzyme linked to acne and excessive hair growth in women.
76 citations
,
September 1992 in “Endocrinology” The human type II 5α-reductase gene has a specific structure important for understanding certain medical conditions.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
57 citations
,
February 1983 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dihydrotestosterone increases the activity of an enzyme in pubic skin cells that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.
56 citations
,
January 2015 in “Circulation” Finasteride helps reduce heart issues and improves heart function.
55 citations
,
July 2016 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Multiple treatments work best for hair loss.
46 citations
,
May 2012 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Human skin produces sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone, influenced by ARO and StAR, which may affect skin elasticity and hair growth.