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Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.

African American men with prostate cancer have more androgen receptor mutations, which may lead to more aggressive cancer compared to Caucasian American men.

The T-zone on the face has more androgen receptors and produces more oil than the U-zone.

The mouse models are effective for testing new hair loss treatments.

New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.

TGF-β1 increases androgen receptor activity in hair loss, but Hic-5/ARA55 can counter this effect.

Baldness caused by male hormones in female-to-male transsexuals doesn't increase the risk of heart disease.

The length of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene is linked to ovarian reserve but does not affect how the ovaries respond to stimulation.

COVID-19 may worsen with androgens; anti-androgen drugs could help.

TGF-β1 from dermal papilla cells suppresses hair growth, and targeting it may help treat androgenetic alopecia.

Exosomes from dermal papilla cells can help grow hair and might treat hair loss.

The tumor suppressor gene FLCN affects mitochondrial function and energy use in cells.

Finasteride effectively reduces hair loss by decreasing androgen levels.

Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.

miR-22, a type of microRNA, controls hair growth and its overproduction can cause hair loss, while its absence can speed up hair growth.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.

Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.

Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.

Finasteride irreversibly affects human steroid 5α-reductase 2, providing insight into its catalytic mechanism and disease-related mutations.

SHBG binding properties are unchanged in male liver cirrhosis patients.

Immune cells affect hair growth and could lead to new hair loss treatments.

Surgery to lower high testosterone in postmenopausal women with certain ovarian tumors doesn't significantly affect their metabolism.

Oxidative stress, not insulin resistance, is significantly related to free androgen index in PCOS.

Finasteride reduces melanin production, possibly treating hyperpigmentation and melanoma, but needs more safety research.

Dermal papilla cells are key for hair growth and color, influencing hair type and size, and their interaction with stem cells could help treat hair loss and color disorders.

Neurosteroids like neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen are crucial for brain function and can improve cognition and protect against aging-related decline.

DHT reduces a cell's ability to promote hair growth, while 3D culture without DHT improves it.

The guide recommends specific methods for diagnosing PCOS and various treatments for its symptoms, while considering the health impacts on adolescents.

CXXC5 is a protein that prevents hair growth and could be a target for hair loss treatment.

Environmental factors at different levels control hair stem cell activity, which could lead to new hair growth and alopecia treatments.