April 2024 in “JCEM case reports” A woman's rare benign tumor that released both cortisol and testosterone was successfully removed, improving her health.
June 2023 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Protein tyrosine kinases are key in male pattern baldness, affecting skin structure, hair growth, and immune responses.
April 2023 in “Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine” The document concludes that inflammation markers can be used in diabetes, vitamin D3 affects immune pathways, hyperthyroidism changes hormone levels, androgen levels help diagnose Adrenocortical Carcinoma, erectile dysfunction is linked to diabetes, hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected males, and hormones can be biomarkers for various conditions.
63 citations
,
January 2010 in “Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience” 3α-androstanediol helps reduce age-related cognitive and mood declines in male rats, unlike testosterone.
9 citations
,
March 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” About 19.4% of Iranian women in the study have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, with the most common type involving irregular periods and high male hormone levels, but their heart and metabolic health is similar to women without the condition.
8 citations
,
March 2022 in “International Journal of Endocrinology” Combining spironolactone with metformin reduces insulin resistance in PCOS better than either drug alone.
November 2025 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Hair steroid profiling is a feasible, non-invasive alternative to serum analysis for assessing hormone levels and metabolism.
15 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart-related issues in transgender women and may affect heart health in transgender men.
3 citations
,
June 2024 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology” Many women with PCOS have abnormal cholesterol levels, needing careful management.
3 citations
,
May 2023 in “Biomedicines” PCOS causes infertility mainly due to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.
2 citations
,
June 2023 in “Journal of clinical medicine” Soy supplements improve various skin conditions and aging signs, with topical use boosting skin barrier function.
February 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.
May 2023 in “BMC Women's Health” Many women who have used performance-enhancing drugs in Finland show high rates of mental health and substance use issues, and most have normal red blood cell counts.
4 citations
,
May 2019 in “Physiology & Behavior” Cocaine impairs male sexual behavior and alters testosterone metabolism in the brain.
January 2019 in “Analytical Science and Technology” About 21% of tested hair loss supplements contained illegal synthetic drugs.
25 citations
,
June 2012 in “Endocrine” PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.
21 citations
,
November 2010 in “Talanta” Researchers developed a reliable method to measure testosterone and epitestosterone in urine for medical and anti-doping use.
41 citations
,
March 1998 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The enzyme that changes testosterone to a stronger form is mostly found in the part of the hair follicle called the dermal papilla.
64 citations
,
March 2006 in “Food Chemistry” The triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum can block testosterone effects and may help treat enlarged prostate.
29 citations
,
February 1996 in “Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications” New method detects finasteride in plasma quickly and accurately without clean-up.
December 2023 in “Annals of phytomedicine” Dutasteride is more effective than finasteride for hair loss treatment.
67 citations
,
July 1985 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Men's thigh hair grows longer and has a longer growth cycle than women's, but arm hair growth is similar between genders.
36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
26 citations
,
June 2010 in “Acta Pharmaceutica” Methods accurately measure tamsulosin hydrochloride and finasteride in combined dosages.
8 citations
,
June 2016 in “Clinical Chemistry” PSA levels could help detect illegal steroid use in female athletes but face challenges like cost and PCOS prevalence.
2 citations
,
March 2017 in “Canadian Urological Association journal” Clomiphene citrate improves fertility in men taking finasteride for hair loss.
2 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of The Chilean Chemical Society” New method accurately measures finasteride in tablets and bulk.
April 2008 in “Blackwell Publishing Ltd eBooks” AGA causes permanent hair loss; minoxidil helps men, finasteride helps men, minoxidil somewhat helps women, estrogens/antiandrogens lack evidence for women.
1 citations
,
March 2022 in “International Journal of Nutrology” Myo-inositol improves fertility and metabolic health in PCOS with fewer side effects than metformin.
173 citations
,
May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.