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The foreword introduces a medical issue discussing male hormonal health, treatments, and the effects of conditions like obesity and aging.

Gender-affirming therapy can cause skin issues like acne and hair loss in transgender adolescents, and more research is needed on its dermatological effects.

5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.

Using GnRHa agonists helps diagnose and treat ovarian hyperthecosis when surgery isn't possible.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) promotes the growth and spread of aggressive brain tumor cells.

Testosterone may influence COVID-19 severity and outcomes.

Cyproterone acetate effectively treats virilized women, especially under 35, despite some side effects.

A short male anogenital distance may indicate incomplete masculinization due to disrupted androgen action.

Finasteride may cause breast enlargement in some men.

Androgen-driven traits don't predict prostate cancer recurrence.

New research is needed to create better drugs that block the enzyme responsible for conditions like male baldness and prostate enlargement.

A new method helps detect androgen receptor movement in cells, aiding research on hair loss treatments.

Testosterone is important for male sexual traits, reproduction, muscle and bone health, blood production, and metabolism, and works both directly and after being changed into other hormones.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women that can cause metabolic, reproductive, and psychological issues, and requires lifestyle changes and medication for management.

MK-0773 safely increased muscle mass but did not improve muscle strength or function in elderly women with sarcopenia.

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Female and male AGA are different diseases.

Hirsutism can be caused by various conditions besides PCOS, and it's important to treat the underlying issue and manage symptoms with medication and cosmetic approaches.

Women with hyperandrogenic amenorrhea have similar bone density to healthy women but lower than androgenized women without amenorrhea, and high DHEAS levels might affect bone density.

Women with PCOS have higher 5α-reductase activity, which may be linked to insulin resistance.

Moderately high prolactin levels do not cause hair loss in women.

Surgery to lower high testosterone in postmenopausal women with certain ovarian tumors doesn't significantly affect their metabolism.

The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.

Women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia experience more sexual dysfunction and distress.

The conclusion is that standardizing testosterone measurement methods is essential for better diagnosis accuracy in women.

Low birthweight and rapid weight gain after birth may increase the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome.

Cyproterone acetate can cause rare shortness of breath in women.

Cyproterone acetate implants were more effective at reducing facial hair and improving skin in severe hirsutism than oral treatment.

Ethinylestradiol/chlormadinone acetate may be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for skin conditions caused by excess androgens.