January 2004 in “Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)” Finasteride blocks progesterone's effect on brain activity linked to epilepsy.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
The FDA did not approve a testosterone drug because of safety concerns.
48 citations
,
February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
94 citations
,
August 2002 in “Experimental Dermatology” 17α-estradiol boosts aromatase activity in female hair follicles, potentially helping with hair loss.
11 citations
,
July 2019 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Spironolactone might cause painful intercourse and decreased sexual arousal in women.
20 citations
,
January 2003 in “Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” The new progesterone derivatives effectively inhibit 5α-reductase and bind to the androgen receptor.
7 citations
,
August 2023 in “EClinicalMedicine” Anti-androgens can help manage some PCOS symptoms better than metformin but are not more effective than placebos or birth control pills for other symptoms.
10 citations
,
August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
14 citations
,
September 2015 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.
30 citations
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December 2001 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Hormonal therapy is a good option for women with severe acne, especially when there's a chance of hormone imbalance.
11 citations
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September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
33 citations
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May 2013 in “Andrologia” Some herbs show promise as antiandrogenic agents.
2 citations
,
August 2013 in “The Lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology” The FDA rejected a testosterone drug again due to safety concerns.
21 citations
,
August 1994 in “Clinical endocrinology” 5α-Reductase inhibitors can help treat hair loss, acne, and prostate issues by reducing DHT levels.
January 2022 in “Current Enzyme Inhibition” New nonsteroidal molecules can potentially increase dihydrotestosterone in neurons by blocking certain enzymes, without affecting prostate and seminal vesicle weight.
October 2004 in “Australian Prescriber” Lifestyle changes are more effective than medication for reducing type 2 diabetes risk.
57 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Oral contraceptives help treat hyperandrogenic disorders, improving symptoms like excessive hair and acne.
209 citations
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March 1998 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” Scientists found new nonsteroidal compounds that can act like natural male hormones and might help treat male fertility and hormone issues.
57 citations
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April 2009 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Steroidogenesis inhibitors change but don't stop androgen production in prostate cancer.
186 citations
,
December 2011 in “Molecules” Three specific 4-azasteroid-2-oximes showed strong enzyme inhibition, but less than finasteride.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss and hirsutism.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
47 citations
,
January 2003 in “Current opinion in urology” A new drug, dutasteride, is at least as effective as the older drug, finasteride, for treating enlarged prostate and may have additional uses.
Cyproterone slightly inhibited hair growth in castrated mice, while tamoxifen significantly inhibited hair growth in castrated mice but not in normal mice.
12 citations
,
December 2012 in “Current Drug Targets” The Androgen Receptor could be a target for treating diseases like cancer, but more research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of potential treatments.
February 2020 in “Definitions” 5 Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors reduce the effects of testosterone by blocking its conversion into a stronger form.
August 2009 in “Australian Prescriber” Dutasteride is approved to help manage prostate enlargement.
4 citations
,
January 2018 in “JBRA assisted reproduction” Orlistat helped reduce weight and testosterone in obese women with PCOS but did not significantly affect other androgens or cholesterol levels.
42 citations
,
December 1976 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol effectively reduce hirsutism and acne in women.