July 2026 in “The Journal of Immunology” This study investigated the impact of prior antigen exposure on the development of alopecia areata (AA) in C3H/HeJ mice, a common model for studying this autoimmune disease. By sequentially infecting these mice with various pathogens, researchers aimed to mimic the diverse microbial exposure humans experience. The results showed that mice with prior infections had increased frequencies of antigen-experienced CD8 T cells and elevated NKG2D+ CD8 T cells, which are known to drive AA. Contrary to expectations, these previously infected mice developed AA at a reduced rate and had fewer AA-associated T cells in skin-draining lymph nodes and skin compared to non-infected controls. This suggests that prior microbial exposure can reshape the immune landscape, attenuating AA-specific immune responses, and highlights the need for further studies on how infections influence AA development.
6 citations
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May 2013 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Autoimmune reactions may cause both alopecia areata and HAM.
155 citations
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May 2016 in “Nature communications” Memory T cells in the skin balance staying put and moving into the blood, clustering around hair follicles, and increasing in number after infection.
46 citations
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October 2018 in “JCI insight” CD8+ T cells are involved in alopecia areata and may cause disease relapse.
6 citations
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April 2017 in “Experimental dermatology” CD80CD86 deficiency causes hair loss by disrupting regulatory T cells.
1 citations
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June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.
5 citations
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March 2025 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Alopecia areata in children is caused by the immune system attacking hair follicles due to genetic factors.
4 citations
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November 2023 in “Frontiers in immunology” New treatments targeting T-cell pathways are needed for better alopecia areata management.
23 citations
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January 2016 in “Frontiers in immunology” Using low-dose IL-2 to increase regulatory T cells might be a safe way to treat type 1 diabetes without severe side effects.
4 citations
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June 2025 in “Cell Reports” Clonally expanded CD8+ T cells cause alopecia areata.
6 citations
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January 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Mast cells and CD8 T cells interact closely in skin diseases, affecting each other's behavior and contributing to conditions like psoriasis and eczema.
24 citations
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October 2022 in “Cell Regeneration” A new mouse model effectively mimics vitiligo for research and drug testing.
October 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A protein called EGFR protects hair follicle stem cells, and when it's disrupted, hair follicles can be damaged, but blocking certain pathways can restore hair growth.
1 citations
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January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Understanding the immune-related causes of Alopecia Areata has led to potential treatments like JAK inhibitors.
1 citations
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January 2014 in “The Journal of Dermatology” A patient with Ivemark syndrome developed mixed type vitiligo after a hepatitis C infection, showing different treatment responses and immune cell involvement in the skin.
74 citations
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May 2016 in “Current opinion in pediatrics, with evaluated MEDLINE/Current opinion in pediatrics” Both vitiligo and alopecia areata involve an immune response triggered by stress and specific genes, with treatments targeting this pathway showing potential.
July 2023 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine ” Alopecia areata is a hair loss condition caused by immune factors and can be treated with JAK inhibitors.
290 citations
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December 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss, influenced by genetics, stress, and diet, and may be prevented by a high soy oil diet.
June 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Different immune responses cause hair loss in scalp diseases, with unique patterns in scalp psoriasis possibly protecting against hair loss.
23 citations
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April 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia's cause is unclear, affects mainly postmenopausal women, and current treatments focus on stopping hair loss rather than regrowth.
1 citations
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March 2025 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Methotrexate, resveratrol, and curcumin may help treat alopecia areata by targeting immune cells.
421 citations
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April 2012 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss with no cure and treatments that often don't work well.
January 2024 in “International journal of homoeopathic sciences” Early intervention and patient education are crucial for managing alopecia areata.
9 citations
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October 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The growth of the Epstein-Barr virus in the patient's cells was linked to the worsening of her lymphoma.
23 citations
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January 2024 in “Nature Immunology” γδ T cells adapt uniquely to different tissues in mice.
January 2012 in “heiDOK (Heidelberg University)” Dormant melanoma cells in mice interact minimally with memory T cells due to a suppressive tumor environment.
January 2026 in “Immune Network” Regulatory T cells adapt to different environments to control inflammation and support tissue repair.
2 citations
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June 2026 in “Frontiers in Science” Regulatory T cells help control the immune system and could lead to new treatments for diseases.
2 citations
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January 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Next-generation Treg therapies could help achieve lasting immune tolerance in type 1 diabetes.
39 citations
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October 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some patients with mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome experience hair loss, which may be similar to alopecia areata or linked to skin lesions, possibly due to abnormal T cells, and bexarotene can help treat it.