61 citations
,
February 1997 in “Differentiation” Hair differentiation starts earlier than thought, involving multiple type-II keratins.
28 citations
,
March 1993 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratins K4 and K13 form stable dimers in mature esophageal cells, aiding cell stability.
7 citations
,
July 2008 in “Experimental Dermatology” The study concluded that a protein important for hair strength is regulated by certain molecular processes and is affected by growth phases.
46 citations
,
November 1998 in “Experimental Cell Research” K15 gene is mainly active in the basal layers of hair follicles and epithelia, aiding early skin cell development.
86 citations
,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
40 citations
,
September 2004 in “Biomacromolecules” The Glu413Lys mutation in keratin affects hair stability, while Glu413Asp does not.
10 citations
,
January 2001 in “Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry” Ubiquitin, a protein, is found in hair, nails, and skin.
January 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” March 1990 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” 28 citations
,
September 2013 in “European Journal of Histochemistry” Keratins in Malayan pangolins vary by region, suggesting scales evolved from the tail towards the head.
98 citations
,
June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” A cluster of sulfur-rich hair protein genes was found on chromosome 17.
45 citations
,
March 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A new protein, mK6irs, is found in specific hair layers and may help understand hair growth and diseases.
March 2010 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Beard hair medulla cells have a unique and varied keratin pattern.
November 2019 in “Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology” Mutations in keratin genes cause skin, hair, and nail disorders, with future treatments possible.
22 citations
,
October 1996 in “Dermatologic clinics” Understanding intermediate filaments helps explain hair health and related diseases.
94 citations
,
October 1994 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Too much keratin 16 in mice skin causes abnormal skin thickening and structure.
47 citations
,
July 2005 in “European Journal of Cell Biology” Terrestrial vertebrates have balanced keratin gene clusters, unlike teleost fish.
6 citations
,
April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science” The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.
8 citations
,
June 2009 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Human melanocytes in skin and hair follicles don't express keratin 16 or 6 naturally.
30 citations
,
November 2012 in “Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences” Hard α-keratins stay stiff in water because the surrounding matrix keeps them dehydrated and strong.
1 citations
,
October 1988 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Scientists identified and cloned specific keratin proteins in mouse hair.
85 citations
,
September 2013 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Keratin 15 is not a reliable sole marker for identifying epidermal stem cells because it's found in various cell types.
16 citations
,
January 2017 in “Physical chemistry chemical physics/PCCP. Physical chemistry chemical physics” The 3D structure of a key hair protein was modeled, revealing specific helical structures and stabilization features.
36 citations
,
January 2004 in “European journal of cell biology” Without keratin 10, there's more growth and development of oil-producing skin cells.
135 citations
,
November 1987 in “Differentiation” Outer root sheath cells consistently express certain keratins influenced by their environment.
54 citations
,
January 2013 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” A new method effectively separates keratin-associated proteins and keratin from human hair.
50 citations
,
July 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” 47 citations
,
June 1994 in “Experimental Cell Research” mHa2 and mHa3 keratins have different structures and roles in mouse hair and tongue tissues.
22 citations
,
February 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A specific gene mutation causes severe skin and nail issues and hair loss.
17 citations
,
January 2013 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The onychodermis helps anchor the nail bed and may aid in nail formation.