May 2020 in “International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” Calcified epidermal cysts are rare, hard skin nodules that are best treated with surgical removal.
2 citations
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November 2006 in “Pump Industry Analyst” Pilomatricomas don't follow the usual hair follicle cell differentiation process.
19 citations
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July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Human hair keratin genes are similar to mouse genes and are specifically expressed in hair follicles.
30 citations
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December 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Keratin 17 is modified by RSK1 in response to growth and stress, affecting skin growth and stress response.
36 citations
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January 1994 in “Cell and Tissue Research” 83 citations
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May 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology” Sheep have 17 keratin genes, similar to humans, but with different expression patterns affecting wool and hair.
15 citations
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May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The cell membrane complex in mammalian hair has three distinct types with different structures and chemical properties.
14 citations
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February 2009 in “PLoS ONE” Keratinocytes help manage skin nitrogen metabolism, varying by age and skin area.
7 citations
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May 2024 in “Tissue Barriers” The skin's outer layer relies on lipids and proteins to protect against damage.
139 citations
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August 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” Rac1 is vital for hair follicle health but not needed for skin maintenance.
26 citations
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March 1995 in “Differentiation” A rabbit gene important for hair development was identified and detailed.
November 2023 in “Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers” Scientists made nanoparticles from human hair proteins to improve drug delivery.
26 citations
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January 1964 in “Experimental Cell Research” October 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”
December 2022 in “Communications biology” 22 citations
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August 2015 in “PloS one” Keratin from hair binds well to gold and BMP-2, useful for bone repair.
4 citations
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December 1995 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” 22 citations
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January 1996 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”
7 citations
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August 2022 in “Nature communications” A specific group of slow-growing stem cells marked by Thy1 is crucial for skin maintenance and healing in mice.
46 citations
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June 2013 in “Journal of structural biology” High glycine–tyrosine keratin-associated proteins help make hair strong and maintain its shape.
17 citations
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July 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Keratin-based particles safely improve hair strength, smoothness, and heat protection.
40 citations
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November 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Mutant keratins cause inflammation in Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex, suggesting targeting them could help treat the disorder.
55 citations
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December 2014 in “Dermatologica sinica/Zhōnghuá pífūkē yīxué zázhì” Keratinocytes control how melanocytes work.
January 2017 in “DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)” Keratin sponges are as biocompatible as collagen, but keratin gels are slightly less so.
28 citations
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December 1997 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” A genetic mutation in the hHa1 gene creates a smaller, but still functional, hair protein without causing hair problems.
44 citations
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January 2004 in “American journal of clinical dermatology” Understanding genetic mutations helps diagnose and treat skin disorders like ichthyosis.
92 citations
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February 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” June 2025 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” Keratin biomaterials could help heal wounds and regenerate tissue, but more testing is needed.
50 citations
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March 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology” Human hair is complex and grows in cycles starting from embryonic life.
39 citations
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February 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Trichohyalin, a hair follicle protein, has a part with repeating patterns of 23 amino acids.