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GlossaryApocrine Glands

secrete thicker sweat in hair-rich areas, causing body odor

Apocrine glands are a type of sweat gland found primarily in areas with abundant hair follicles, such as the armpits and groin. Unlike the more common eccrine sweat glands, apocrine glands secrete a thicker, milky fluid that, when broken down by bacteria on the skin, can produce body odor. These glands become active during puberty and are influenced by hormonal changes.

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research Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Markers for Human Eccrine and Apocrine Sweat Glands: An Aid for Histopathologic Differentiation of Sweat Gland Tumors

73 citations , November 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

Markers help differentiate between apocrine and eccrine sweat glands to identify sweat gland tumors.

research Multipotent Nestin-Positive Stem Cells Reside in the Stroma of Human Eccrine and Apocrine Sweat Glands and Can Be Propagated Robustly In Vitro

33 citations , October 2013 in “PloS one”

Human sweat glands have a type of stem cell that can grow well and turn into different cell types.

Apocrine Sweat Gland Obstruction by Antiperspirants Allowing Transdermal Absorption of Cutaneous Generated Hormones and Pheromones as a Link to the Observed Incidence Rates of Breast and Prostate Cancer in the 20th Century

research Apocrine sweat gland obstruction by antiperspirants allowing transdermal absorption of cutaneous generated hormones and pheromones as a link to the observed incidence rates of breast and prostate cancer in the 20th century

18 citations , March 2009 in “Medical Hypotheses”

The document suggests that blocking sweat glands with antiperspirants might allow skin-generated hormones to be absorbed, possibly increasing breast and prostate cancer risk.

research Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigen-4 (SSEA-4) as a Distinguishing Marker between Eccrine and Apocrine Origin of Ducts of Sweat Glands

3 citations , July 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

SSEA-4 can distinguish between eccrine and apocrine sweat gland ducts.

research Histology, lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure of interdigital gland in crossbred sheep

3 citations , December 2020

The interdigital gland in crossbred sheep is similar to skin and has specialized structures for secretion.

research Aberrant expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in aural cholesteatoma

48 citations , March 1993 in “The Laryngoscope”

Cholesteatoma shows abnormal and increased EGF receptor expression, indicating its rapid growth.

research Immunohistochemical demonstration of keratins 8 and 14 in benign tumours of the skin appendage

38 citations , November 1991 in “Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin”

Keratins 8 and 14 can help identify and diagnose benign skin tumors.

research What causes acne inversa (or hidradenitis suppurativa)? – the debate continues

24 citations , June 2008 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

The exact cause of hidradenitis suppurativa is still unknown.

research Lectin‐binding profiles for normal skin appendages and their tumors

18 citations , December 1992 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

Skin tumors and normal skin structures have different lectin-binding patterns.

research The skin of primates. XLI. The skin of the silver marmoset—Callithrix (= Mico) Argentata

17 citations , May 1969 in “American Journal of Physical Anthropology”

The silver marmoset's skin is thin, lacks pigment cells, and has unique features like keratinized spines and specialized glands.

research Melatonin induces a stimulatory action on the scrotal skin components of Soay ram in the non-breeding season

13 citations , June 2020 in “Scientific reports”

Melatonin stimulates the skin components of ram's scrotum during their non-breeding season.

research GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE IN TWO CHILDREN WITH NONPUSTULAR PSORIASIS

12 citations , January 2005 in “Pediatric Dermatology”

Fox Fordyce disease might be more common in prepubertal girls than thought and can be managed with treatment.

research What causes acne inversa (or hidradenitis suppurativa)? – The debate continues

5 citations , July 2008 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

The exact cause of hidradenitis suppurativa is unclear, but it may involve hair follicles, hormones, genetics, and smoking.

research Lesions in the Axilla After Hair Removal Using Intense Pulsed Light

December 2014 in “Actas dermo-sifiliográficas/Actas dermo-sifiliográficas”

Hair removal with intense pulsed light can cause rare skin lesions that are hard to fully treat.

research AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY OF THE INTEGUMENT OF THE PIG (SUS SCROFA)

January 1981 in “Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University)”

Pig skin is similar to human skin, with no major changes as they age.

Dermatologic Diseases in Ferrets: Comprehensive Review and Treatment

research Dermatologic Diseases

7 citations , December 2011 in “Elsevier eBooks”

The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing skin diseases in ferrets.

research Structure and Function of the Skin

6 citations , January 2009 in “Elsevier eBooks”

The skin has multiple layers and cells, serves as a protective barrier, helps regulate temperature, enables sensation, affects appearance, and is involved in vitamin D synthesis.

research Fox-Fordyce Disease

5 citations , February 2016 in “Sultan Qaboos University medical journal”

The patient had a severe itchy rash and hair loss in the armpits.

research Physiological Skin Changes During Pregnancy

35 citations , December 2014 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology”

Most skin changes during pregnancy go away after giving birth.

research Microscopic anatomy of the skin of the woodchuck (Marmota monax): comparison of woodchuck hepatitis virus-infected and non-infected animals.

2 citations , October 1992 in “PubMed”

WHV infection does not affect woodchuck skin anatomy.

research Histology of moose (Alces alces andersoni) interdigital glands and associated green hairs

9 citations , April 1985 in “Canadian Journal of Zoology”

Moose have unique interdigital glands with green hairs and larger glands during mating season.

research A Case of Proliferating Trichilemmal Cyst with Trichoepitheliomatous Change

January 2002 in “Linchuang pifuke zazhi”

A young woman had a rare scalp tumor usually found in older women.

research Immunohistochemical demonstration of breast‐derived and/or carcinoma‐associated glycoproteins in normal skin appendages and their tumors

71 citations , February 1992 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

Antibodies help identify glycoproteins in normal skin and tumor cells.

research The Paediatric skin at risk: Challenges in burns, surgery and specific infections

June 2012 in “Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)”

Severe skin damage in children affects their health and social interactions.