23 citations
,
January 2014 in “International Journal of Biological Sciences” African American men with prostate cancer have more androgen receptor mutations, which may lead to more aggressive cancer compared to Caucasian American men.
82 citations
,
May 2009 in “Development” EGF and KGF signalling prevent hair follicle formation and promote skin cell development in mice.
48 citations
,
June 2014 in “Neurobiology of Disease” The study suggests that motor neurons created from stem cells of patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy show signs of the disease, including changes in protein levels and cell functions.
46 citations
,
June 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgen receptor activity blocks Wnt/β-catenin signaling, affecting hair growth and skin cell balance.
5 citations
,
September 2010 in “Cancer Prevention Research” The research suggests new treatments for skin cancer could target specific cell growth pathways.
13 citations
,
July 2018 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Thyroid hormones and androgens affect gene expression in frog reproductive organs differently between males and females.
7 citations
,
July 2014 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” The length of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene is linked to ovarian reserve but does not affect how the ovaries respond to stimulation.
May 2024 in “Scientific Reports” Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.
28 citations
,
July 2008 in “Developmental Biology” Smad4 is important for healthy hair follicles because it helps produce a protein needed for hair to stick together and grow.
15 citations
,
June 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” Hormones and genes affect hair growth and male baldness.
1 citations
,
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
11 citations
,
July 2014 in “Gene” The S250C variant in a gene may cause autoimmunity and immunodeficiency by impairing protein function.
5 citations
,
November 1992 in “Current problems in dermatology” Glucocorticoids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that must be used carefully to avoid serious side effects.
47 citations
,
August 2016 in “Fitoterapia” Some herbs and their components might help treat hair loss by affecting various biological pathways, but more research and regulation are needed.
August 2024 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Antibody treatments show promise for hair loss but need more research.
82 citations
,
February 2017 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.
42 citations
,
March 2008 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Hormones and neuroendocrine factors control hair growth and color, and more research could lead to new hair treatment options.
October 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Targeting specific cell interactions may help treat skin fibrosis.
13 citations
,
July 2012 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” A mutation in the Adam10 gene causes freckle-like spots on Hairless mice.
47 citations
,
December 2019 in “Frontiers in immunology” A new mutation in the STING protein causes a range of symptoms and its severity may be affected by other genetic variations; treatment with a specific inhibitor showed improvement in one patient.
40 citations
,
December 2012 in “Epilepsia” Neurosteroids change how GABA_A receptors work in the brain, which could be important for treating temporal lobe epilepsy.
1 citations
,
September 2019 in “Steroids” Two new mutations in the AR gene linked to severe androgen insensitivity were found.
February 2026 in “Advanced Science” Targeting the p300/AR axis may help treat polycystic ovary syndrome.
6 citations
,
February 2023 in “Journal of nanobiotechnology” The new anti-acne treatment HA-P5 effectively reduces acne by targeting two key receptors and avoids an enzyme that can hinder treatment.
84 citations
,
September 2008 in “Developmental biology” Retinoic acid-binding proteins in skin are regulated by β-catenin and Notch signalling.
August 2025 in “Therapeutics” Low-dose DMSO may help treat castration-resistant prostate cancer by reducing key cancer cell receptors.
2 citations
,
July 2021 in “Genes” A specific genetic change in the KRT71 gene causes a hair loss condition in Hereford cattle.
June 2025 in “Preprints.org” EDA is vital for bone and cartilage formation and could help treat skeletal disorders.
20 citations
,
February 2023 in “Biology” Innovative cosmetics could safely change hair color by targeting biological hair pigmentation processes.
9 citations
,
June 2023 in “Human Genomics” MX1 and AR genes are linked to milder COVID-19, while TMPRSS2 increases severe risk, especially in women.