April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Higher PD-1 levels are linked to fewer immune cells in hair follicles in alopecia areata.
January 2022 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” Higher IL-21 levels may help predict alopecia areata activity.
49 citations
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April 2000 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Despite progress in treatment, the exact cause of Alopecia areata is still unknown.
May 2025 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” Hair specialists vary in testing for alopecia areata, highlighting the need for standard guidelines.
Higher PD-1 levels mean fewer CD8+ T cells in alopecia areata hair follicles.
1 citations
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September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Alopecia areata involves complex immune dysregulation, mainly driven by Th1 activity, suggesting broader treatment strategies.
Stress can cause hair loss and trigger autoimmunity by damaging hair follicle cells.
3 citations
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April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” ILC1 cells contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata.
September 2024 in “South Eastern European Journal of Public Health” Alopecia areata patients have higher IgE and IL-13 levels, suggesting immune involvement.
9 citations
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September 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Hidradenitis suppurativa is linked to autoinflammation and immune system issues.