19 citations
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January 2014 in “Facial plastic surgery” Dermabrasion improves skin appearance by removing the top layer to promote healing.
5 citations
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April 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Aging skin shows thinner layers, fewer hair follicles, and new biomarkers like increased space between cells and smaller sebaceous glands.
July 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Understanding the scalp's five-layer structure is crucial for better surgical outcomes and fewer complications.
2 citations
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November 2024 in “GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences” Serums effectively improve skin and hair issues, boosting confidence when used correctly.
January 2025 in “Diagnostics” Women with PCOS have distinct retinal changes compared to healthy women.
62 citations
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July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair growth is influenced by interactions between skin layers, growth factors, and hormones, but the exact mechanisms are not fully understood.
129 citations
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May 2015 in “Cell Stem Cell” Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.
90 citations
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February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
18 citations
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May 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Human body's immune cells are more common in the layer of fat just beneath the skin than in deeper fat layers.
14 citations
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April 2019 in “Genes” Researchers found a genetic region that influences the number of coat layers in dogs.
101 citations
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December 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Scientists turned mouse stem cells into skin cells that can grow into skin layers and structures.
September 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A new staining method shows a special area in the hair's skin layer with lots of proteoglycans.
12 citations
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February 1997 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The enzyme type 1 5α-reductase is more active in the hair follicle's lower part than in the skin's outer layer.
2 citations
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April 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The skin's basement membrane is specially designed to support different types of connections between skin layers and hair follicles.
15 citations
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September 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Epimorphin, a protein, plays a key role in the development of hair follicles in human fetuses, but it doesn't help in maintaining the stem cell population of the follicular skin layer.
July 2003 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Skin problems are common in Bangladesh due to arsenic, prompt treatment of diabetic foot ulcers is crucial, maternal transmission causes most neonatal herpes, treatments for pediatric vasculitis are effective, the chickenpox vaccine works, more frequent UVB therapy helps psoriasis, certain jobs increase hand dermatitis risk, monoclonal antibodies treat psoriasis well, lifestyle affects psoriasis, alefacept improves psoriasis, imiquimod cream partially clears basal cell carcinoma, and iron may not help chronic hair loss.
28 citations
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March 2010 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Different markers are found in stem cells of the scalp's hair follicle bulge and the surrounding skin.
81 citations
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January 1987 in “Current topics in developmental biology/Current Topics in Developmental Biology” Keratins change and are modified differently in skin layers and body parts.
January 2020 in “Korean journal of ophthalmology/Korean Journal of Ophthalmology” Minoxidil increases cell layer permeability by reducing tight junction proteins and raising ROS levels.
36 citations
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February 1998 in “Journal of Anatomy” Fibre optic confocal imaging can visualize skin layers, blood vessels, and nerves in live mice.
45 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Cat claws stay sharp by shedding their outer layer through microcracks formed during activities.
11 citations
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January 2013 in “Veterinary dermatology” Keratinocytes from dog hair follicles can create a functional skin layer in a lab model, useful for dog skin therapy.
8 citations
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September 2011 in “Scanning” Multiphoton microscopy effectively images mouse skin layers and structures.
11 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP10 proteins help form the hair shaft's tough outer layer by interacting with specific hair keratins.
375 citations
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June 2013 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research” Cornification is how skin cells die to form the protective outer layer of skin, hair, and nails.
44 citations
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May 1997 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” The human keratin 6a gene's specific sequences trigger expression in skin layers after injury.
21 citations
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March 2018 in “American Journal Of Pathology” Mutations in NIPAL4 cause skin issues by disrupting lipid layers, but some improvement is seen with topical treatment.
1 citations
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December 2020 The skin is the body's largest organ, with layers, cells, and structures that protect and support it.
1 citations
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April 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” A rare skin lesion in a 64-year-old woman was successfully treated with a laser, showing minimal redness and no return after one month.
5 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” The document concludes that individualized treatment for malignant epithelial tumors is necessary and more research on metastatic squamous cell carcinoma treatments is needed.