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Spironolactone treatment increases the amount of testosterone available in the body.

Women with female pattern hair loss have higher levels of certain androgens, suggesting increased androgen exposure to hair follicles.

Testosterone is made by Leydig cells, is active when not bound to proteins, and works by binding to receptors in muscles and other tissues.

Testosterone affects skin by increasing oil production and influences hair growth.

Mutants of CYP154C2 enzyme significantly improved steroid conversion efficiency.

Dihydrotestosterone specifically binds to hamster sebaceous glands, with a higher affinity than testosterone.

Different types of androgens bind differently to two receptors, AR1 and AR2, in Atlantic croaker's brain and ovarian tissues, suggesting these receptors may control different androgen actions in fish.

Hirsutism in females is caused by high male hormones or sensitive hair follicles.

Androgen receptor activity is influenced by hormones, co-factors, modifications, and mutations.

Stiripentol shows promise as a potential treatment for androgen-related diseases but needs more testing.

PCPA induces hypersexual behavior in male rats regardless of age or castration status.

Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire if monitored carefully.

Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Some women with acne have higher levels of free testosterone, which might suggest using hormonal treatments for acne.

Honokiol might help reduce male skin aging by maintaining testosterone levels.

Ganoderma lucidum may help treat enlarged prostate in rats.

Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.

Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.

5α-Reductase inhibitors do not consistently increase testosterone levels in the blood.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.

Men with low or no sperm count have lower salivary testosterone levels, and saliva testing can measure their testosterone well.

Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.

Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Certain 4-azasteroids are effective at blocking the enzyme that processes testosterone in human skin and could help treat acne, excessive hair growth, and male pattern baldness.

Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.

Testosterone and DHEA can benefit women's health but must be prescribed carefully due to potential risks.

Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.

Finasteride increases hair growth, prolongs hair cycle, and lowers dihydrotestosterone levels.

Measuring plasma testosterone glucosiduronate is a reliable way to detect high male hormone levels in women.