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GlossaryT cell activation

process where T cells respond to specific antigens

T cell activation is the process by which T cells, a type of white blood cell, are triggered to respond to pathogens or infected cells. This occurs when T cells recognize specific antigens presented by other cells, leading to their proliferation and differentiation into effector cells that can directly attack infected cells or help coordinate the immune response.

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Intrinsic Activation of Cell Growth and Differentiation in Ex Vivo Cultured Human Hair Follicles by a Transient Endogenous Production of ROS

research Intrinsic activation of cell growth and differentiation in ex vivo cultured human hair follicles by a transient endogenous production of ROS

9 citations , March 2019 in “Scientific reports”

Temporary ROS production in cultured human hair follicles promotes growth and stem cell activation.

research Evidence that Myc activation depletes the epidermal stem cell compartment by modulating adhesive interactions with the local microenvironment

182 citations , May 2003 in “Development”

Myc activation reduces skin stem cells by affecting cell adhesion.

Pharmacological Activation of Thermo-Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 3 Channels Inhibits Hair Growth by Inducing Cell Death of Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath

research Pharmacological Activation of Thermo–Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 3 Channels Inhibits Hair Growth by Inducing Cell Death of Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath

12 citations , June 2019 in “The journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics/The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics”

Activating TRPV3 channels stops hair growth by killing hair follicle cells.

research 202 Activation of breast cancer cell proliferation by ROR-alpha through aromatase promoter

March 2010 in “Ejc Supplements”

ROR-alpha may increase the growth of certain breast cancer cells by boosting aromatase, which could affect breast cancer prognosis.

research In vivo CD44‐CD49d complex formation in autoimmune disease has consequences on T cell activation and apoptosis resistance

33 citations , October 2006 in “European Journal of Immunology”

The CD44-CD49d complex boosts T cell activation and survival in autoimmune disease.

research Wnt signaling activation: targets and therapeutic opportunities for stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine

13 citations , January 2021 in “RSC chemical biology”

Wnt activation shows promise for regenerative medicine but requires selective targeting to minimize risks like cancer.

research 1358 PRC1 fine-tunes gene repression and activation to safeguard skin epithelium development and stem cell specification

1 citations , April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

PRC1 is essential for proper skin development and stem cell formation by controlling gene activity.

Therapeutic Strategy for Hair Regeneration: Hair Cycle Activation, Niche Environment Modulation, Wound-Induced Follicle Neogenesis, and Stem Cell Engineering

research Therapeutic strategy for hair regeneration: hair cycle activation, niche environment modulation, wound-induced follicle neogenesis, and stem cell engineering

74 citations , January 2013 in “Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy”

The conclusion is that hair growth can be improved by activating hair cycles, changing the surrounding environment, healing wounds to create new hair follicles, and using stem cell technology.

research Hair Follicle Mesenchyme-Associated PD-L1 Regulates T-Cell Activation Induced Apoptosis: A Potential Mechanism of Immune Privilege

53 citations , September 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Hair follicle cells help protect against immune attacks by regulating T-cell activity.

research Activation of Hair Cell Growth Factors by Linoleic Acid in Malva verticillata Seed

17 citations , April 2021 in “Molecules/Molecules online/Molecules annual”

Linoleic acid from Malva verticillata seeds may help treat hair loss by promoting hair cell growth and blocking baldness signals.

Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like-2 Pathway Modulates Substance P–Induced Human Mast Cell Activation and Degranulation in the Hair Follicle

research Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like-2 pathway modulates substance P–induced human mast cell activation and degranulation in the hair follicle

8 citations , May 2018 in “The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology”

Activating the Nrf2 pathway reduces inflammation and cell activation in human hair follicles, suggesting a potential treatment for certain hair loss conditions.

research The role of B cell-activating factor system in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms, disease implications, and therapeutic advances

4 citations , June 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

BAFF-targeted therapies can reduce autoimmune disease activity, but more research is needed for precise treatments.

research The incidental pore: Ca_V1.2 and stem cell activation in quiescent hair follicles

3 citations , June 2013 in “Genes & development”

CaV1.2 helps activate hair follicle stem cells without calcium flux.

Progressive Alopecia Reveals Decreasing Stem Cell Activation Probability During Aging of Mice with Epidermal Deletion of DNA Methyltransferase 1

research Progressive Alopecia Reveals Decreasing Stem Cell Activation Probability during Aging of Mice with Epidermal Deletion of DNA Methyltransferase 1

1 citations , September 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Aging reduces stem cell activation, leading to hair loss in mice lacking a specific enzyme.

MicroRNA-1246 Inhibits NFATc1 Phosphorylation and Regulates T Helper 17 Cell Activation in the Pathogenesis of Severe Alopecia Areata

research MicroRNA-1246 Inhibits NFATc1 Phosphorylation and Regulates T Helper 17 Cell Activation in the Pathogenesis of Severe Alopecia Areata

January 2023 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology”

A substance called miR-1246 may help treat severe hair loss by reducing certain immune cell activities.

research Faculty Opinions recommendation of Competitive balance of intrabulge BMP/Wnt signaling reveals a robust gene network ruling stem cell homeostasis and cyclic activation.

May 2013 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature”

A balance between BMP and Wnt signals is crucial for hair follicle stem cell function and hair growth.

Role of Beta-Catenin Activation Levels and Fluctuations in Controlling Cell Fate

research Role of β-Catenin Activation Levels and Fluctuations in Controlling Cell Fate

28 citations , February 2019 in “Genes”

Proper control of β-catenin activity is crucial for development and preventing diseases like cancer.

research Notch signaling is significantly suppressed in basal cell carcinomas and activation induces basal cell carcinoma cell apoptosis

18 citations , February 2017 in “Molecular Medicine Reports”

Activating Notch signaling can kill basal cell carcinoma cells.

research Lactate dehydrogenase activity drives hair follicle stem cell activation

202 citations , August 2017 in “Nature cell biology”

Lactate production is important for activating hair growth stem cells.

research Progressive Alopecia Reveals Decreasing Stem Cell Activation Probability during Aging of Mice with Epidermal Deletion of DNA Methyltransferase 1

72 citations , July 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Mice lacking a key DNA methylation enzyme in skin cells have a lower chance of activating stem cells necessary for hair growth, leading to progressive hair loss.

Hair Growth Promoting Effect of 4HGF Encapsulated with PGA Nanoparticles by β-Catenin Activation and Related Cell Cycle Molecules

research Hair Growth Promoting Effect of 4HGF Encapsulated with PGA Nanoparticles (PGA-4HGF) by β-Catenin Activation and Its Related Cell Cycle Molecules

7 citations , July 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

PGA-4HGF may help treat hair loss by activating hair growth pathways and extending the hair growth phase.

research LB1031 Immune Cell-Mediated Amplification of Stem Cell Activation in Hairy Melanocytic Nevus via Osteopontin-CD44 Axis

1 citations , July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Immune cells boost stem cell activity in hairy moles, causing more hair growth.

research Additional file 1 of Autophagy induces hair follicle stem cell activation and hair follicle regeneration by regulating glycolysis

January 2024 in “Figshare”

Activating autophagy in hair follicle stem cells can lead to hair growth and repair by affecting sugar metabolism.

research Activator Protein-1 Activity Regulates Epithelial Tumor Cell Identity

70 citations , August 2006 in “Cancer Research”

AP-1 controls tumor cell type by affecting key signaling pathways.

HPV8 E6 Induced STAT3 Activation Leads to Hair Follicle Junctional Zone Keratinocyte Stem Cell Proliferation and Expansion in Actinic Keratoses

research 277 HPV8 E6 induced STAT3 activation leads to hair follicle junctional zone keratinocyte stem cell proliferation and expansion in actinic keratoses

April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

HPV8 causes hair follicle stem cells to grow, leading to skin lesions.

Activation of Olfactory Receptor 2A4/7 by Cyclohexyl Salicylate Promotes Human Hair Follicle Growth

research 572 Olfactory Receptor 2A4/7 Activation by the Fragrance, Cyclohexyl Salicylate, Promotes Human Hair Follicle Growth and Stem Cell Progeny Expansion

November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The fragrance cyclohexyl salicylate helps promote hair growth and increase hair stem cell numbers.

research Activation of developmental signaling pathways in hematopoietic stem cell regeneration

January 2010 in “DukeSpace (Duke University)”

Wnt and Notch pathways are crucial for repairing blood stem cells after damage.

research mTOR signaling promotes stem cell activation via counterbalancing BMP-mediated suppression during hair regeneration

71 citations , January 2015 in “Journal of molecular cell biology/Journal of Molecular Cell Biology”

mTOR signaling helps activate hair stem cells by balancing out the suppression caused by BMP during hair growth.

research Reduced SMAD2/3 activation independently predicts increased depth of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

11 citations , February 2018 in “Oncotarget”

Lower SMAD2/3 activation predicts more severe skin cancer.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inhibits Skin Renewal Through Inhibiting WNT-Dependent Lgr5+ Hair Follicle Stem Cell Activation in C57BL/6 Mice

research Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Inhibits Skin Renewal through Inhibiting WNT-Dependent Lgr5+ Hair Follicle Stem Cell Activation in C57BL/6 Mice

6 citations , April 2022 in “Journal of diabetes research”

Type 2 diabetes slows down skin and hair renewal by blocking important stem cell activation in mice.