June 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Frequent use of chemical hair relaxers may increase endometrial cancer risk in Black women.
February 2019 in “IP Indian journal of clinical and experimental dermatology” Continuous use of hair relaxers and curlers can cause hair loss, dryness, dandruff, thinning, greying, and split ends.
June 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Chemical hair relaxers are not proven to cause uterine cancer.
January 2026 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Lye relaxers don't significantly change hair cortisol levels.
29 citations
,
May 2007 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Hair relaxers can cause lasting scalp damage and hair loss.
8 citations
,
October 2014 in “Journal of analytical toxicology.” Chemical hair straightening significantly reduces detectable drug levels in hair.
75 citations
,
March 2009 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” CCCA is a hair loss type affecting African women, possibly caused by grooming and chemicals, with various treatments and needing more research.
60 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology” Tight hairstyles and chemical relaxers can cause hair loss known as traction alopecia.
57 citations
,
September 2005 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Frequent use of chemical hair relaxants is linked to increased scarring hair loss in Nigerian women.
55 citations
,
October 2003 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Different hair care practices and conditions affect African American hair and scalp health, requiring specialized knowledge for treatment.
25 citations
,
August 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” African American women report more hair issues and use different hair care practices than Caucasian women, and have different hair and scalp characteristics.
17 citations
,
January 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology” Understanding and treating hair disorders in different ethnic groups requires knowledge of specific hair care practices and hair characteristics.
2 citations
,
January 2020 in “Skin appendage disorders” Long hair can cause hair loss due to constant pulling.
January 2010 in “Actas dermo-sifiliográficas/Actas dermo-sifiliográficas” Chemical relaxers may cause scarring alopecia in black women.
September 2025 in “Brazilian Journal of Health Review” Early diagnosis and less aggressive hair care improve outcomes for Black women with frontal fibrosing alopecia.
May 2025 in “International Journal of Women’s Dermatology” CCCA mainly affects Black women and is linked to high-tension hairstyles, heating tools, chemical relaxants, and genetics.
Hair loss is common in the studied community, often linked to aging and hair care practices like braids, weaves, and chemical relaxers.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
September 2015 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Human hair movement is affected by its inner structure and chemical treatments.
November 2011 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” Environmental, chemical, mechanical, and personal health factors can all damage hair and contribute to hair loss or changes in hair quality.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Cosmetic procedures can harm hair, but damage can be minimized with knowledge and care; however, once hair is damaged, it cannot be reliably repaired.
July 2012 in “Hair transplant forum international” Lifestyle choices like stress, smoking, heavy drinking, sun exposure, and chemical hair treatments might speed up hair loss in people with androgenetic alopecia.
18 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Straightening and coloring hair, especially with sodium hydroxide, greatly increases protein loss.
March 2010 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.
3 citations
,
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Relaxer treatments damage African–American hair, with commercial products causing more harm than lab-made solutions.
18 citations
,
August 2009 in “Skin Research and Technology” OCT can identify hair structures, but chemical treatments can damage them.
2 citations
,
January 2011 Relaxers straighten African hair by breaking down its helical structure using strong bases.
August 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Modern hair straightening improves manageability and strength while maintaining natural waves.
May 2022 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” Women's hair loss can be due to hormonal changes and various conditions, with treatments focusing on stopping progression and managing symptoms.
4 citations
,
July 2016 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Dermatologists should use hair relaxers carefully to avoid hair and scalp damage, following specific guidelines for application and maintenance.