349 citations
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January 2005 in “The FASEB journal” Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.
343 citations
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December 2008 in “Endocrine Reviews” Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.
277 citations
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June 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions control hair growth cycles through specific molecular signals.
277 citations
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July 2002 in “Molecular Endocrinology” Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.
271 citations
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June 2013 in “Human Reproduction” PCOS is common among Chinese women of reproductive age and linked to serious metabolic and reproductive issues, especially in obese women.
260 citations
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July 2010 in “Cell” Mutations in the SRD5A3 gene cause a new type of glycosylation disorder by blocking the production of a molecule necessary for protein glycosylation.
245 citations
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January 2018 in “Bone Research” TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.
233 citations
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November 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.
211 citations
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May 2018 in “Trends in cell biology” Different types of skin cells play specific roles in development, healing, and cancer.
204 citations
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October 1999 in “EMBO journal” Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.
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May 2018 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.
187 citations
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December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
185 citations
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August 2020 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.
179 citations
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July 2016 in “Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology” Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.
171 citations
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October 1990 in “Alcoholism/Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research” The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.
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August 2013 in “Journal of experimental botany” Certain inhibitors slow down plant growth by causing early cell specialization without changing the cell development pattern.
159 citations
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July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
147 citations
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November 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.
141 citations
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August 2018 in “Nature Reviews Microbiology” Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.
137 citations
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March 2006 in “Cns Drug Reviews” Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.
126 citations
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February 2017 in “JAMA Surgery” Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.
125 citations
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August 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.
120 citations
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August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.
120 citations
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October 2007 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.
119 citations
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October 2011 in “Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine” Rhodococcus equi causes severe pneumonia in young foals, and effective vaccines are needed due to foals' weak immune responses.
116 citations
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August 2010 in “Nature” Scientists turned rat thymus cells into stem cells that can help repair skin and hair.
115 citations
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March 2019 in “Nature Communications” Frontal fibrosing alopecia is linked to four genetic areas, especially the HLA-B*07:02 allele.
108 citations
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February 2008 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology” Inhibiting 5α-reductase can help reduce prostate cancer risk and improve treatment.
106 citations
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November 2014 in “Cell Stem Cell” New single-cell analysis techniques are improving our understanding of stem cells and could help in treating diseases.
104 citations
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May 2003 in “Endocrinology” Lampreys have a functional vitamin D receptor that may help detoxify harmful substances.