18 citations
,
February 2015 in “Acta Crystallographica Section D: Structural Biology” The study concludes that certain domains in Clostridium histolyticum enzymes are structurally unique, bind calcium to become more stable, and play distinct roles in breaking down collagen, with potential applications in medicine and drug delivery.
72 citations
,
May 1993 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Trichohyalin in sheep hair follicles may help with structure and calcium binding.
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Genetics” The method effectively extracts high-quality DNA from marmoset hair, avoiding blood chimerism.
11 citations
,
January 1997 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” A new protein linked to hair strength was identified, aiding in understanding brittle hair conditions.
November 2025 in “Chemistry - An Asian Journal” EISA uses enzymes to create precise nanostructures in cells, offering new ways to design adaptive materials and therapies.
66 citations
,
October 2002 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” A gene mutation in mice causes skin defects and early death.
44 citations
,
March 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” A wide range of proteins are integrated into the skin's protective layer.
January 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” Enzyme replacement therapy may help alleviate symptoms in complex cases like this.
138 citations
,
November 1977 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics” 15 citations
,
April 2011 in “Biological Chemistry” Cathepsin E is crucial for normal skin cell differentiation and development.
29 citations
,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
35 citations
,
July 2010 in “The FEBS journal” The study found a specific peptide that helps detect TGase 3 activity in skin and hair follicles.
3 citations
,
February 1983 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair plucking quickly increases antizyme, reducing a specific enzyme activity in rats.
June 2025 in “Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology” Papain from papaya may help treat cardiovascular diseases by breaking down fibrin.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Trichohyalin in hair can trigger immune attacks in alopecia areata.
74 citations
,
September 2003 in “The Journal of Immunology” Activating PKCα in skin causes cell death and inflammation through different pathways.
8 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Astrotactin-2 is cleaved in a specific way that helps understand its maturation.
1 citations
,
March 2023 in “Journal of Natural Fibers” A gentler, less damaging method for curling hair using tyrosine works well initially but fades after washing.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” Cysteine formation on hair indicates damage, best detected at pH 4.5.
May 2010 in “Europe PMC (PubMed Central)” Near-infrared probes can safely and effectively image cysteine protease activity for disease diagnosis.
Trichohyalin, a protein from pig tongue, was purified and found to have a filamentous structure.
11 citations
,
April 1982 in “Journal of the Forensic Science Society” Enzyme presence in hair sheath cells decreases over time, affecting forensic analysis.
September 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” Researchers created an efficient method to extract DNA from marmoset hair, avoiding blood chimerism.
28 citations
,
December 2011 in “Biocatalysis and biotransformation” PDI helps restore over-bleached hair's strength and structure by attaching special peptides.
3 citations
,
September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.
87 citations
,
March 2014 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids” Cholesterol sulfate buildup due to a genetic mutation disrupts the skin barrier, leading to the scaling skin seen in X-linked ichthyosis.
56 citations
,
October 2007 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Cathepsin L is essential for heart health and its absence causes heart problems and hair loss.
75 citations
,
November 1965 in “Textile research journal” Papain and bisulfite break down human hair by dissolving parts of it.
51 citations
,
September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
August 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Bleach baths with 0.005% hypochlorite help manage atopic dermatitis by affecting skin cells and reducing itchiness.