105 citations
,
June 2010 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone undecanoate increases lean mass and causes various physical changes in female-to-male transsexuals.
26 citations
,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.
6 citations
,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
November 2004 in “Medical Journal of Indonesia” Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.
September 2024 in “Medicine theory and practice” A young girl's hyperandrogenism was caused by an adrenocortical adenoma, diagnosed and treated through detailed evaluations.
204 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
2 citations
,
December 2016 in “Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology” Higher androgen levels are linked to more severe hair growth in hirsute women.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hirsutism in young girls can have causes other than PCOS, so diagnoses should be reassessed if treatments don't work.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.
151 citations
,
December 2004 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.
131 citations
,
March 2004 in “The American journal of pathology” Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.
49 citations
,
September 2012 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The document concludes with guidance for doctors on diagnosing and treating hirsutism effectively and safely.
19 citations
,
September 2004 in “Reviews in gynaecological practice” Effective hirsutism management requires identifying the cause, combining new and traditional treatments, and setting realistic expectations for patients.
17 citations
,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.
7 citations
,
April 2012 in “Clinical investigation” Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.
Dianabol boosts muscle growth but has serious health risks and legal issues.
1540 citations
,
October 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.
42 citations
,
August 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer distance between the clitoris and anus.
38 citations
,
September 2019 in “Chinese Medical Journal” Using steroids can increase the risk of heart problems.
26 citations
,
January 2020 in “Przegląd Menopauzalny” Menopausal women have higher androgen levels, which can cause symptoms like facial hair growth and low sexual desire.
26 citations
,
January 2013 in “BioMed Research International” Hormonal changes after childbirth and menopause can lead to women's hair loss and facial hair growth, with a need for better treatments.
11 citations
,
August 2019 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia experience more sexual dysfunction and distress.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Cases Journal” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.
February 2022 in “Obstetrics and gynaecology cases - reviews” PCOS can cause unusual symptoms like late puberty and enlarged clitoris, making diagnosis difficult.
December 2013 in “Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences” Ovarian steroid cell tumors should be considered in adults with hirsutism and high testosterone, with surgery as the main treatment.
2 citations
,
October 2022 in “Frontiers in genetics” Late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia can greatly affect physical development, gender identity, and sexual health.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “Curēus” Diagnosing simple-virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be difficult and requires thorough testing and expert advice.
15 citations
,
October 2018 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” Measuring the distance from the anus to the clitoris may moderately help diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome, especially in certain cases.
88 citations
,
September 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.
51 citations
,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.