171 citations
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October 1990 in “Alcoholism/Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research” The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.
151 citations
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February 2007 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Alopecia areata causes hair loss, has no cure, and various treatments exist.
103 citations
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October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
24 citations
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November 1974 in “Scottish medical journal” Diabetes often causes various skin problems and complications.
20 citations
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July 2013 in “European Journal of Oral Sciences” A new PAX9 gene mutation causes missing teeth and hair problems, but not skin or nail issues.
18 citations
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January 2013 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” Puberty often causes skin issues like acne and excessive sweating, and treatments require patience as results may vary.
11 citations
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January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology” Short Anagen Syndrome causes persistently short hair and increased shedding, usually improving after puberty.
9 citations
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March 2018 in “European journal of dermatology/EJD. European journal of dermatology” A new mutation in the ST14 gene causes a rare skin and hair disorder in a specific family.
6 citations
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October 2024 in “npj Digital Medicine” Long-COVID causes more health issues after COVID-19, varying by age, sex, and infection wave.
1 citations
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July 2024 in “Indian Journal of Case Reports” GAPO syndrome causes growth issues, hair loss, missing teeth, and vision problems.
1 citations
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July 2021 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Environmental factors can cause mutations in skin proteins, leading to skin disorders.
August 2024 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Topical ceramide treatment partially improves the skin condition in Jack Russell Terriers with a genetic skin disorder.
April 2024 in “International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews” Alopecia areata causes hair loss with varied treatment responses and frequent relapses.
April 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” People with Collagen VI-related myopathies may often have hair loss and scalp issues.
January 2015 in “VetPharma” Alopecia X causes hair loss in young plush-coated dogs and can be treated with various therapies, but hair may regrow and then fall out again.
186 citations
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December 2012 in “Current opinion in cell biology” Keratin proteins are increasingly recognized as important for cell health and are linked to many diseases.
33 citations
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August 2008 in “American Journal Of Pathology” Hedgehog signaling is essential for normal sebaceous gland development and affects keratin 6a expression.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Certain genetic variants impair enzyme activity, contributing to non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Certain genetic variants reduce enzyme activity, contributing to non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
4 citations
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April 2012 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Krt16-deficient mice help understand skin disorders like PC and FNEPPK.
92 citations
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June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.
86 citations
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October 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” The Foxn1 gene mutation causes hairlessness and immune system issues, and understanding it could lead to hair growth disorder treatments.
69 citations
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August 1999 in “Developmental biology” The nude gene causes skin cell overgrowth and improper development, leading to hair and urinary issues.
65 citations
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September 2004 in “The American journal of pathology” Blocking BMP signaling causes hair loss and disrupts hair growth cycles.
60 citations
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August 2008 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” A position effect on the TRPS1 gene causes excessive hair growth in humans and mice.
59 citations
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June 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The article explains the genetic causes and symptoms of various hair disorders and highlights the need for more research to find treatments.
58 citations
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February 2016 in “Scientific reports” Blocking BACE1 and BACE2 enzymes causes hair color loss in mice.
29 citations
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January 2007 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Eyebrow loss has many causes and requires accurate diagnosis for proper treatment.
27 citations
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April 1996 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.
21 citations
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March 2018 in “American Journal Of Pathology” Mutations in NIPAL4 cause skin issues by disrupting lipid layers, but some improvement is seen with topical treatment.