Nano-sized sunscreens may penetrate skin and pose toxicity risks.
January 2006 in “Dianzi xianwei xuebao” Netherton syndrome causes specific skin and hair changes that help in early diagnosis.
November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Topical Imiquimod may fight vascular tumors by affecting blood vessels or the immune system, low iron might be linked to some hair loss, removing the top skin layer helps vitamin C get in, genetic testing helps diagnose skin conditions, and too much iron could worsen skin inflammation.
January 2001 in “Nishi Nihon hifuka” The document concluded that there are differences in hair growth cycles and skin cell turnover rates, which can be measured with electronic equipment.
August 2000 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” The method successfully visualizes iodine in biological tissues.
September 2020 in “Georg Thieme Verlag eBooks” Microneedling with PRP can boost hair growth in certain hair loss conditions.
30 citations
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January 1994 in “Micron” Mature hair surfaces are formed by keratinized cells with developed layers, not just modified plasma membranes.
June 2014 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Eczema patients have a lower skin lipid to protein ratio, older and longer-staying hospital patients are more likely to get pressure ulcers, hair loss in AGA is linked to muscle degeneration, vitamin D deficiency is common in alopecia areata and linked to its severity, standard liver tests don't effectively detect fibrosis in psoriasis patients on methotrexate, and bullous pemphigoid patients have a higher death risk but combination therapy may reduce it.
10 citations
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April 2017 in “PLoS ONE” White rhinoceroses have a unique skin structure with thick epidermis and no hair or oil glands.
September 2025 in “SKINdeep” Sebaceous glands help protect and maintain healthy skin and hair.
158 citations
,
January 2009 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” Reptile scales help us understand the evolution of skin features like hair and feathers.
29 citations
,
December 2021 in “Pharmaceutics” Phospholipid soft vesicles improve topical drug delivery for better skin condition treatments.
28 citations
,
August 1992 in “Differentiation” A new pair of mouse keratins, 65 kD and 48 kD, are found in specific skin areas and are linked to a unique skin differentiation type.
25 citations
,
January 2024 in “Journal of Lipids” Cubosomes improve drug delivery for skin and eye diseases by enhancing adhesion, retention, and release.
23 citations
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January 2023 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Reptile skin protects and prevents water loss, helping them adapt to land.
21 citations
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March 2018 in “American Journal Of Pathology” Mutations in NIPAL4 cause skin issues by disrupting lipid layers, but some improvement is seen with topical treatment.
21 citations
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July 2015 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” Increased liposome fluidity boosts skin penetration of sodium fluorescein.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “International Journal of Trichology” Circle hairs are harmless, spiral-shaped body hairs that don't need medical treatment.
April 2025 in “Biomacromolecules” Hyaluronic acid microneedles with herbal extracts may help regrow hair.
October 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” The finasteride patch effectively treats hair loss by enhancing skin absorption.
April 2020 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Olive oil helps Malassezia globosa overgrow, worsening atopic dermatitis in mice.
2 citations
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December 2011 in “Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie” 2011 dermatological research found new skin aging markers, hair loss causes, skin defense mechanisms, and potential for new treatments.
Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.
73 citations
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January 2016 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Cornification evolved from keratinization in vertebrates, with differences between mammals and sauropsids.
425 citations
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August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
3 citations
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September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.
33 citations
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October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
December 2010 in “HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)” The cornea develops independently of the lens, following its own default pathway.
82 citations
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January 2006 in “International review of cytology” Vertebrate skin evolved to be more specialized and complex, especially in land animals.
263 citations
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February 2013 in “Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology” Polymeric nanoparticles show promise for treating skin diseases.