52 citations
,
February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
52 citations
,
August 1978 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Human hair's ability to get wet is complex and can change with treatments, damage, and environment.
49 citations
,
April 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair ages as the cuticle wears down, especially beyond 1 meter from the root, affecting its strength and shine.
47 citations
,
June 1994 in “Experimental Cell Research” mHa2 and mHa3 keratins have different structures and roles in mouse hair and tongue tissues.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
42 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” Infrared and Raman imaging can non-destructively analyze hair structure and help diagnose hair conditions.
40 citations
,
April 1999 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry” S100A3 protein is mainly found in specific parts of human hair cells.
34 citations
,
October 1982 in “Journal of applied polymer science” Moisture content significantly affects how human hair breaks.
31 citations
,
December 2002 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. G, General subjects/Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects (Online)” The research found two types of calcium in human hair, one that varies among individuals and another that is consistent across people.
30 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Bleaching hair causes severe structural and chemical damage, including protein loss and oxidation.
30 citations
,
July 2000 in “PubMed” Hair has unevenly distributed proteins and lipids, with lipids mainly in the cuticle and proteins in the cortex and medulla.
27 citations
,
January 1995 Melanin in black hair protects it from sun damage better than light-brown hair.
27 citations
,
February 1991 Cuticle damage doesn't affect hair's tensile strength; the cortex is responsible for it.
27 citations
,
June 2017 in “Expert opinion on investigational drugs” New anti-acne medications are being tested to offer alternatives to current treatments.
26 citations
,
March 1995 in “Differentiation” A rabbit gene important for hair development was identified and detailed.
24 citations
,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
24 citations
,
January 1969 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Hair malformations may occur due to timing issues in hair development.
22 citations
,
March 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” New acne treatments show promise as alternatives to traditional therapies.
20 citations
,
December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
19 citations
,
May 2008 in “Applied spectroscopy” Human hair has different protein structures in its cuticle and cortex.
19 citations
,
July 1964 in “PubMed” Hair follicle cells become four types: medulla, cortex, cuticle, and inner root sheath.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
18 citations
,
August 2014 in “Lipids” Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.
18 citations
,
November 2010 in “Journal of morphology” Antler velvet hair and body hair of red deer have different structures that help with protection and insulation.
18 citations
,
August 2009 in “Skin Research and Technology” OCT can identify hair structures, but chemical treatments can damage them.
18 citations
,
March 2009 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” Sunlight damages hair, causing cuticle loss, protein changes, and discoloration.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
15 citations
,
August 2020 in “Analytical chemistry” Hair lipids do not protect against humidity.
15 citations
,
May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The cell membrane complex in mammalian hair has three distinct types with different structures and chemical properties.
15 citations
,
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” Some mutant mice have hair with abnormal cross-linking, mainly in the cuticle, not affecting other hair parts.