421 citations
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April 2012 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss with no cure and treatments that often don't work well.
182 citations
,
October 2003 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The 2003 guidelines suggest that while some treatments can regrow hair in alopecia areata, none alter the disease's progression, and wigs may be the best option for extensive hair loss.
105 citations
,
January 2009 in “Medicine” Hirsutism is more linked to high androgen levels than acne or hair loss, and a mix of hormonal tests is best for diagnosis; certain treatments can reduce symptoms.
79 citations
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September 2009 in “Pediatric dermatology” The 308-nm Excimer laser is effective and safe for treating patchy alopecia areata in children.
60 citations
,
September 2015 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.
18 citations
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January 2017 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” Certain immune cells contribute to severe hair loss in chronic alopecia areata, with Th17 cells possibly having a bigger impact than cytotoxic T cells.
4 citations
,
November 2023 in “Frontiers in immunology” New treatments targeting T-cell pathways are needed for better alopecia areata management.
1 citations
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March 2025 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Methotrexate, resveratrol, and curcumin may help treat alopecia areata by targeting immune cells.
Oral tofacitinib effectively treats alopecia areata long-term with manageable side effects.
November 2025 in “Bioscientia Medicina Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research” A combined treatment with microneedling and vitamin D3 led to complete hair regrowth in a woman with stubborn patch alopecia areata.
April 2021 in “Sohag Medical Journal” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss, linked to genetic factors and immune system issues, with no cure yet.
7 citations
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January 2017 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Superficial cryotherapy significantly improves eyebrow hair growth in alopecia universalis patients.
JAK inhibitors effectively regrow hair in alopecia areata but hair loss often returns after stopping treatment.
January 2026 in “Современные проблемы науки и образования (Modern Problems of Science and Education)” 308 nm excimer phototherapy can help some people with alopecia areata regrow hair, especially if their condition is less severe.
July 2022 in “Al-Mağallaẗ al-ʻirāqiyyaẗ li-l-ṣaydalaẗ” Lower zinc levels are linked to more severe hair loss in alopecia areata.
24 citations
,
January 2017 in “Pediatric dermatology” 1% anthralin ointment is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata in children.
148 citations
,
December 2018 in “Journal of autoimmunity” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.
59 citations
,
September 2008 in “Experimental dermatology” Both mouse and rat models are effective for testing alopecia areata treatments.
19 citations
,
September 2002 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” Topical tacrolimus did not regrow hair in alopecia universalis patients.
16 citations
,
June 2017 in “Advances in Therapy” New treatments for hair loss are showing promise due to better understanding of genetics and the immune system.
December 2025 in “Babcock University Medical Journal” CD27 and IL-35 can help diagnose alopecia areata linked to bacterial infections.
December 2025 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Ritlecitinib successfully treated a child's alopecia universalis after baricitinib failed.
January 2025 in “Universidad de Córdoba Insitutional Repository (Universidad de Córdoba)” An imbalanced scalp microbiome may worsen alopecia areata severity and inflammation, but treatment can partially restore balance.
August 2023 in “Clinical and experimental dermatology and therapies” Dupilumab may help hair regrowth in some patients with severe atopic dermatitis, but results vary.
January 2022 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” Higher IL-21 levels may help predict alopecia areata activity.
May 2018 in “White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)” Alopecia areata may be treated by using EGCG to balance immune cells and reduce inflammation.
196 citations
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June 2008 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Dermoscopy helps diagnose and manage alopecia areata by showing specific hair changes.
67 citations
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August 2007 in “American Journal of Pathology” Overexpressing the mineralocorticoid receptor in mouse skin causes skin thinning, early skin barrier development, eye issues, and hair loss.
37 citations
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January 2019 in “JAMA Dermatology” People with Major Depressive Disorder have a higher chance of getting Alopecia Areata, and vice versa; antidepressants may lower this risk.
20 citations
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June 2010 in “Genes and Immunity” Blood tests can help understand the genetic differences in people with alopecia areata, including how severe it is and if it's inherited.