May 2024 in “Frontiers in medicine” A genetic mutation in the LIPH gene causes tightly curled hair that stops growing in some Japanese individuals.
March 2010 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.
96 citations
,
February 2002 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Pseudofolliculitis barbae is a chronic skin condition affecting mainly African American and Hispanic individuals, caused by shaving tightly curled hair, and managed by prevention and treatment but not curable.
6 citations
,
February 2016 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” The boy with woolly hair nevus had thinner hair and abnormal hair follicles, which improved with treatment but worsened when treatment stopped.
January 2009 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” Curved human hair has different structures on each side, which might cause its shape and is similar to wool.
40 citations
,
February 1990 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” A 17-year-old developed woolly hair nevus in adolescence, which is unusual, and over time the hair darkened and straightened slightly, but microscopic changes persisted.
42 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” Infrared and Raman imaging can non-destructively analyze hair structure and help diagnose hair conditions.
13 citations
,
March 2019 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Heat damages hair, with Asian hair losing more protein than Caucasian hair.
August 2005 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Polymethylene wax in hair relaxers makes hair smooth and shiny with less damage.
August 2007 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Hair fibers break by cuticle cell slipping, shape changing, cuticle fraying, and surface cracking when stretched under specific conditions.
40 citations
,
March 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Growing hair follicles have high mitochondrial activity and ROS in specific regions, aiding hair formation.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
2 citations
,
January 2001 in “Biomedical Research” Trichohyalin and peptidylarginine deiminase type III are found together in rat hair follicles, with trichohyalin being modified after expression.
The document concludes that Loose Anagen Hair Syndrome is a benign condition where hair is thin and easily pulled out, often improving with age.
November 2024 in “Journal of Microscopy” Human hair varies in structure based on curl type, with high curl hair showing the most differences.
4 citations
,
January 2000 Piedraia hortae fungi dissolve both the outer and inner layers of hair.
15 citations
,
August 2015 in “Scanning” Corkscrew and cigarette-ash-shaped hairs in tinea capitis are caused by internal hair degradation and external resistance.
15 citations
,
October 2004 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Holes in mature hair are likely caused by the removal of substances during hair care.
8 citations
,
July 2015 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A new DSG4 gene mutation causes hair defects in a young girl.
97 citations
,
March 2010 in “The American Journal of Human Genetics” A mutation in the KRT74 gene causes tightly curled hair.
1 citations
,
January 1967 in “The BMJ” The document concludes that while some hair and scalp disorders can be treated, hair loss from destroyed follicles is permanent, and damaged hair can only regrow naturally.
15 citations
,
October 2016 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” Proper hair care can prevent and stop hair breakage in people with acquired trichorrhexis nodosa.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Cosmetic procedures can harm hair, but damage can be minimized with knowledge and care; however, once hair is damaged, it cannot be reliably repaired.
39 citations
,
April 2020 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Asian hair is generally straight and thick, with unique disorders and properties, and more research is needed to understand it fully.
February 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” The gene Prss53 affects hair shape and bone development in rabbits.
62 citations
,
December 2008 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair curvature in Japanese people is linked to specific cell types and filament arrangements in the hair cortex.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Thioglycolic acid mainly affects the unordered areas in hair structure.
January 2024 in “World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany” Polisorbate 20 is not suitable for curl creams due to instability.
January 2026 in “Molecules” A new perming method is less damaging to hair and works as well as traditional methods.