70 citations
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June 1998 in “Polymer” Permanent waving damages hair by disrupting its keratin structure.
40 citations
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May 2016 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Changes in keratin make hair follicles stiffer.
21 citations
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November 2014 in “Cytotechnology” Human hair can almost fully recover its structure within about 1,000 minutes after being stretched.
April 2019 in “Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials” Hair grows like a crystal at a solid-liquid interface without cell division.
24 citations
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January 2018 in “Development” Frizzled 3 and Frizzled 6 together control the orientation of mouse hair follicles.
5 citations
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March 2009 in “Pediatric Dermatology” The study found that pili bifurcati causes hair to intermittently split into two branches, each with its own outer layer.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair properties vary by ethnicity and environment, affecting surface charge and particle deposition.
July 2019 in “Dermatologic Surgery”
13 citations
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October 2004 in “Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia” The document concludes that compulsive hair disorders, like trichotillomania, are complex and require careful diagnosis and treatment from both psychiatric and dermatological perspectives.
17 citations
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July 1984 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” The four patients have a unique type of ichthyosis affecting hair follicles.
4 citations
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November 2016 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Pili torti hair is fragile due to loose keratin filaments and weak disulfide bonds.
12 citations
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October 2018 in “Biotechnology reports” Recombinant keratin K31 makes damaged hair thicker, stronger, and straighter.
June 1996 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” 26 citations
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August 2014 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Sphynx cats have abnormal hair follicles and keratinization affecting their skin.
15 citations
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August 2020 in “Analytical chemistry” Hair lipids do not protect against humidity.
53 citations
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October 2003 in “Genetics” The mK6irs1/Krt2-6g gene likely causes wavy hair in mice.
3 citations
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January 2019 in “Skin Research and Technology” Frequent use of hair straighteners can cause hair loss similar to scarring alopecia in young Turkish women.
8 citations
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August 1993 in “Colloid & Polymer Science” The observed "toughening" in keratin was actually due to water evaporation, not a real change in keratin.
5 citations
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February 1998 in “Polymer” Human hair keratin has a 40% α-helix structure that changes to a random coil in 8 M urea.
45 citations
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December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Permanent hair waving uses chemicals to create long-lasting curls.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Natural hair reflects identity and history, while modifications signal social pressures.
3 citations
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January 2002 in “Springer eBooks” Alkaline hair relaxers damage hair, but cationic and non-ionic polymers can help reduce this damage.
3 citations
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May 1991 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
December 2022 in “Himi, himijn tehnologijn hùrèèlèngijn èrdèm šinžilgèènij bùtèèl” Hair products with copper and zinc enriched yeast made hair thicker and denser.
July 1995 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” 4 citations
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January 2020 in “Indian dermatology online journal” Lichen simplex chronicus on the scalp can be diagnosed by specific hair and skin signs and treated with corticosteroids and therapy.
25 citations
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August 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” African American women report more hair issues and use different hair care practices than Caucasian women, and have different hair and scalp characteristics.
20 citations
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July 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” The fuzzy gene is crucial for controlling hair growth cycles.