10 citations
,
November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
10 citations
,
January 2010 in “International journal of trichology” Keratin-associated proteins are part of the developing hair fiber cuticle.
8 citations
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March 2018 in “Cosmetics” UV radiation damages hair by creating holes and peeling cuticle layers.
6 citations
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December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
3 citations
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January 2015 in “Mathematical problems in engineering” Hair damage increases significantly with higher temperatures and longer heating times.
3 citations
,
July 2003 in “PubMed” The research found a way to measure hair surface changes by analyzing how light reflects off of it, and determined hair cuticle angles vary by hair length and color.
1 citations
,
October 2017 in “ecancermedicalscience” Breast cancer alters specific molecular structures in hair, which revert after cancer removal.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Cosmetics” Surfactants damage hair, but sealing the cuticle can prevent this.
March 1997 in “Medical Molecular Morphology” Zinc deficiency causes early scalp hair damage that recovers slower than skin symptoms.
January 2003 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Hair color affects light reflection, with black hair having higher cuticle angles and lighter hair showing less specular reflection.
August 1985 in “Proceedings ... annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America/Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America” Hair dye can damage dog hair and cause health issues.
27 citations
,
May 2019 in “Cosmetics” The hair cuticle is made of tough proteins that protect the hair, but more research is needed to fully understand its structure.
17 citations
,
February 1987 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The hair cuticle acts as a barrier against fungal infection, which occurs only deep within the hair follicle.
3 citations
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March 2009 in “Hirosaki University Repository for Academic Resources (Hirosaki University)” Hirosaki hairless rats have sparse, twisted hair due to missing hair keratin genes.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” The method can identify minerals in hair from water, and using coconut oil or conditioner can prevent mineral buildup.
1 citations
,
November 2003 in “Humana Press eBooks” AFM helps study hair surfaces for dermatology, cosmetics, and forensics.
January 2025 in “Journal of Raman Spectroscopy” Polarized Raman spectra can reveal changes in hair keratin's protein structures.
May 2024 in “Indian journal of pharmacy and pharmacology” Luliconazole is more effective than ketoconazole at repairing damaged hair cuticles.
May 2017 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” Water quality affects mineral content in hair, and coconut oil can protect against damage.
Prussian Blue causes hair cuticles to detach, weakening the hair.
73 citations
,
May 2009 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Disrupting the Sox21 gene in mice causes hair loss and regrowth cycles.
12 citations
,
January 1988 in “YAKUGAKU ZASSHI” Certain natural extracts can promote hair regrowth.
11 citations
,
May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP10 proteins help form the hair shaft's tough outer layer by interacting with specific hair keratins.
1 citations
,
January 1992 in “DNA sequence” Researchers found a non-functional sheep keratin gene due to mutations.
February 2020 in “The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan” 15 citations
,
January 1991 in “Mammalian Genome” 6 citations
,
April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science” The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.
35 citations
,
September 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
January 2008 in “Medical Entomology and Zoology”