36 citations
,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
10 citations
,
January 2002 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” The cuticle significantly contributes to hair stiffness, making up about 60% of the total bending stress.
75 citations
,
November 1965 in “Textile research journal” Papain and bisulfite break down human hair by dissolving parts of it.
36 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of Controlled Release” The dye quickly penetrates hair follicles, mainly through the gap, not the surrounding skin.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
9 citations
,
February 1981 in “Australian journal of biological sciences” Lambs fed a liquid diet showed abnormal wool and skin, which improved with more B-vitamins, suggesting a link to B-vitamin deficiency.
3 citations
,
August 1980 in “Acs Symposium Series” Hair increases in size when it absorbs water, and treatments like bleaching affect how much water it can take in.
The 16th-century mummy's hair was well-preserved due to a calcium coating.
2 citations
,
November 2017 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Polyamines are abundant in certain parts of rat hair follicles and may play a key role in hair growth.
23 citations
,
August 2019 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Pollution exposure speeds up hair damage.
November 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” MSC exosome therapy improved hair quality in patients with acquired trichorrhexis nodosa.
10 citations
,
January 2001 in “ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA” Lysosomal proteases and cytoplasmic enzymes help hair follicle cells develop and differentiate.
84 citations
,
March 2002 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Steatocystoma multiplex is a skin condition starting around age 26, linked to hair follicles, and related to eruptive vellus hair cysts.
Hair germ cells differ from epidermal cells in keratin expression, and specific keratins form after hair differentiation.
January 2017 in “Durham e-Theses (Durham University)” Chemical stressors damage hair structure but the skin's outer layer protects living cells.
5 citations
,
March 2009 in “Pediatric Dermatology” The study found that pili bifurcati causes hair to intermittently split into two branches, each with its own outer layer.
39 citations
,
April 2020 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Asian hair is generally straight and thick, with unique disorders and properties, and more research is needed to understand it fully.
4 citations
,
November 2016 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Pili torti hair is fragile due to loose keratin filaments and weak disulfide bonds.
November 2025 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials” Charge-conversion chemistry improves hair-rebonding by enhancing penetration and strength.
17 citations
,
February 2022 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” Scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis can help identify animal species by their hair patterns and elements.
6 citations
,
January 2006 in “Journal of dermatological science” Runx1 helps control the KAP5 gene in human hair follicles.
6 citations
,
January 2005 in “Han-guk hyeonmigyeong hakoeji/Applied microscopy” The 16th-century mummy's hair was well-preserved due to a calcium surface coat.
3 citations
,
January 2015 in “Mathematical problems in engineering” Hair damage increases significantly with higher temperatures and longer heating times.
356 citations
,
December 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.
139 citations
,
December 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” K6hf is a unique protein found only in a specific layer of hair follicles.
May 2024 in “Indian journal of pharmacy and pharmacology” Luliconazole is more effective than ketoconazole at repairing damaged hair cuticles.
48 citations
,
May 1991 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Trichohyalin is also found in the outer layers of normal human skin.
May 2017 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” Water quality affects mineral content in hair, and coconut oil can protect against damage.
January 2024 in “Uttar Pradesh journal of zoology” Chemical treatments severely damage hair cuticles, especially in previously treated hair.
The research found that people's hair proteins vary, especially by ethnicity and body part, which could help identify individuals in forensic science.