15 citations
,
June 2019 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Chemical and physical treatments like bleaching, dyeing, and UV radiation damage both Caucasian and Afro-ethnic hair.
49 citations
,
April 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair ages as the cuticle wears down, especially beyond 1 meter from the root, affecting its strength and shine.
99 citations
,
July 2005 in “Ultramicroscopy” The research improved understanding of hair and skin properties across different ethnicities and conditions.
January 2003 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Hair color affects light reflection, with black hair having higher cuticle angles and lighter hair showing less specular reflection.
8 citations
,
March 2018 in “Cosmetics” UV radiation damages hair by creating holes and peeling cuticle layers.
3 citations
,
January 2021 in “Wear” Hair's resistance to wear varies by ethnicity and treatment, with less wear indicating stronger hair.
January 2024 in “Uttar Pradesh journal of zoology” Chemical treatments severely damage hair cuticles, especially in previously treated hair.
May 2017 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” Water quality affects mineral content in hair, and coconut oil can protect against damage.
97 citations
,
January 2005 in “Wear” Human hair and skin friction vary by ethnicity, hair type, and environmental conditions.
28 citations
,
November 2018 in “Journal of structural biology” Different populations have distinct hair structures related to their ancestry.
18 citations
,
November 2010 in “Journal of morphology” Antler velvet hair and body hair of red deer have different structures that help with protection and insulation.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
9 citations
,
July 2018 in “Acta biomaterialia” Eyelash curvature is linked to the thickness of the cuticle layer at the root.
2 citations
,
March 1977 in “Journal of animal science/Journal of animal science ... and ASAS reference compendium” Defective mink guard hairs have split tips and missing cuticle cells, causing a metallic sheen.
Understanding hair surface properties is key for effective hair care products.
December 2025 in “Biopolymers” Heat worsens damage in chemically treated hair, especially bleached and straightened hair.
January 2019 in “Durham e-Theses (Durham University)” Advanced microscopy shows hair damage and keratin proteins' roles, aiding future cosmetic treatments.
23 citations
,
August 2019 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Pollution exposure speeds up hair damage.
5 citations
,
May 2021 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Healthy scalp leads to better hair quality and less damage.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” The method can identify minerals in hair from water, and using coconut oil or conditioner can prevent mineral buildup.
February 2024 in “Medicina” AFM can diagnose hair disorders by revealing detailed hair surface changes.
Applying conditioner in the middle of a perm process reduces hair damage.
January 2012 in “Jounal of The Korean Society of cosmetology” Applying conditioner mid-treatment reduces hair damage during perms.
81 citations
,
December 2007 in “Acta materialia” AFM helped show how hair changes under tension and the effects of damage and conditioner.
September 2023 in “Journal of Natural Fibers” Drying hair with a microfiber towel better maintains hair strength and structure than using a cotton towel or blow-drier.
June 2025 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” Minoxidil, caffeine, and biotin can improve hair shine by restoring certain genes.
November 2011 in “Advanced Materials Research” Adding 1% hair fibers to brake materials improves friction and wear, making them more effective.
9 citations
,
September 2009 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” UV light causes skin color loss in bald areas; wear a cap and use sunscreen.
5 citations
,
March 2009 in “Pediatric Dermatology” The study found that pili bifurcati causes hair to intermittently split into two branches, each with its own outer layer.
39 citations
,
April 2020 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Asian hair is generally straight and thick, with unique disorders and properties, and more research is needed to understand it fully.