6 citations
,
June 1976 in “Journal of ultrastructure research” Keratinized wool cells still have some organelles like lysosomes and mitochondria.
3 citations
,
October 2006 in “Journal of dermatology” X-ray microscopy can non-invasively show hair structure changes after treatments, but it's less detailed than TEM and needs improvement.
Hair germ cells differ from epidermal cells in keratin expression, and specific keratins form after hair differentiation.
15 citations
,
January 1998 Frequent blow-drying causes cracks and breakage in hair cuticles.
356 citations
,
December 1986 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.
11 citations
,
January 1981 in “Cells Tissues Organs” Human hair cuticle has five cell layers with specific junctions and granules.
1 citations
,
January 2007 in “AIP conference proceedings” High-resolution x-ray images showed three main structures in human hair: medulla, cortex, and cuticle.
17 citations
,
February 1987 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The hair cuticle acts as a barrier against fungal infection, which occurs only deep within the hair follicle.
March 2010 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.
21 citations
,
June 2002 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Advancements in hair keratin research could lead to better hair health treatments.
January 2017 in “Clinical approaches and procedures in cosmetic dermatology” Cosmetic procedures can harm hair, but damage can be minimized with knowledge and care; however, once hair is damaged, it cannot be reliably repaired.
6 citations
,
January 2005 in “Han-guk hyeonmigyeong hakoeji/Applied microscopy” The 16th-century mummy's hair was well-preserved due to a calcium surface coat.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Eclipta alba has unique stem, leaf, and root features, including air cavities and secretory structures.
16 citations
,
December 2016 in “ecancermedicalscience” Hair analysis may help detect breast cancer early by identifying changes in lipid content.
September 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” SELP::KP improves hair strength, elasticity, and health, making it a promising hair cosmetic.
November 2011 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” Environmental, chemical, mechanical, and personal health factors can all damage hair and contribute to hair loss or changes in hair quality.
83 citations
,
May 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology” Sheep have 17 keratin genes, similar to humans, but with different expression patterns affecting wool and hair.
100 citations
,
December 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Researchers mapped and categorized specific keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 21q22.1.
17 citations
,
February 2022 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” Scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis can help identify animal species by their hair patterns and elements.
4 citations
,
November 2016 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Pili torti hair is fragile due to loose keratin filaments and weak disulfide bonds.
March 2026 in “International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research” German shepherd hair varies in color and pattern but is flat with a consistent internal structure.
December 2025 in “International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research” Malvi cattle hair varies in color and pattern across different body regions.
August 2024 in “Biophysics Reviews” Mammal hairs have different internal structures.
7 citations
,
August 2006 in “Biopolymers” Researchers extracted tiny keratin filaments from human hair by unzipping its outer layer.
3 citations
,
January 2015 in “Mathematical problems in engineering” Hair damage increases significantly with higher temperatures and longer heating times.
21 citations
,
October 2011 in “PloS one” Certain molecules in hair change with age and could be used for cosmetic treatments.
May 2017 in “Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure” Water quality affects mineral content in hair, and coconut oil can protect against damage.
January 2003 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Hair color affects light reflection, with black hair having higher cuticle angles and lighter hair showing less specular reflection.
January 2024 in “Uttar Pradesh journal of zoology” Chemical treatments severely damage hair cuticles, especially in previously treated hair.
The research found that people's hair proteins vary, especially by ethnicity and body part, which could help identify individuals in forensic science.