39 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
3 citations
,
May 2024 in “Amino Acids” Disrupted cysteine metabolism may cause hair breakage in Alopecia Areata, suggesting potential treatments like N-acetylcysteine.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
January 2026 in “Molecules” A new perming method is less damaging to hair and works as well as traditional methods.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new method using 1,4-n-butylene dimaleate effectively repairs and strengthens damaged hair.
1 citations
,
July 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences” Cysteine strengthens hair, and glutamine fuels hair growth.
24 citations
,
October 2019 in “Genes” A new sheep gene, KRTAP36-1, may help breed sheep with better wool by reducing prickle factor.
11 citations
,
April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” Cysteine formation on hair indicates damage, best detected at pH 4.5.
29 citations
,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
2 citations
,
December 2019 in “Textile Research Journal” L-cysteine and ultrasound successfully improved rabbit hair fibers for industrial use.
March 2021 in “Juniper Online Journal Material Science” Energy healing treatment improved L-cysteine's stability, solubility, bioavailability, and shelf-life.
9 citations
,
January 1981 Nucleophilic reagents break down hair keratin, forming more lanthionine and lysinoalanine than in wool.
January 2014 in “한국미용학회지” UV-A radiation significantly damages semi-permanent dyed hair.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” Hair is hard to dissolve because of its complex proteins, but certain solvents that break specific bonds and hydrate can do it.
13 citations
,
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair coloring increases copper and calcium uptake, damaging hair and reducing shine.
June 2017 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” Polymers help reduce damage and improve bleached hair when used during or after bleaching.
14 citations
,
September 2016 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology” UV exposure damages hair, increasing thiols and altering protein structure.
6 citations
,
October 2016 Understanding how keratin structures in hair are arranged and interact is key for creating methods to extract and purify them.
36 citations
,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
16 citations
,
January 2017 in “Physical chemistry chemical physics/PCCP. Physical chemistry chemical physics” The 3D structure of a key hair protein was modeled, revealing specific helical structures and stabilization features.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Heat and UV exposure damage hair structure by altering keratins.
September 2018 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” L-arginine, hydrolysed keratin, and cystine-silanol copolymer can help protect hair from damage during and after bleaching.
30 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Bleaching hair causes severe structural and chemical damage, including protein loss and oxidation.
4 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
20 citations
,
December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
1 citations
,
March 2023 in “Journal of Natural Fibers” A gentler, less damaging method for curling hair using tyrosine works well initially but fades after washing.