23 citations
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April 2003 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin structure changes during keratinization, but the exact model remains uncertain.
8 citations
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January 2009 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” Water-soluble wool keratin can protect human hair from damage during treatments.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
39 citations
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June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
31 citations
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February 2007 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Oxidation changes the structure of hair protein filaments, causing them to compact and rearrange.
18 citations
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
11 citations
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April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
7 citations
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January 1997 in “Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry” Sheep hair follicle transglutaminases are calcium-dependent.
6 citations
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February 2021 in “Proteins” Researchers found that the most reachable bonds in wool fibers are near the ends of certain proteins, which help stabilize the fiber's structure.
67 citations
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December 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Researchers found genes for cysteine-rich proteins that form the protective layer of hair in humans and sheep.
4 citations
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April 1955 in “Textile Research Journal” The effectiveness of reducing agents on hair fibers depends on their electrode potentials.
16 citations
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January 2017 in “Physical chemistry chemical physics/PCCP. Physical chemistry chemical physics” The 3D structure of a key hair protein was modeled, revealing specific helical structures and stabilization features.
October 2021 in “Authorea (Authorea)” New hair perming method using tyrosine is gentler and can be done with a blow-dryer.
9 citations
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January 1981 Nucleophilic reagents break down hair keratin, forming more lanthionine and lysinoalanine than in wool.
30 citations
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April 2009 in “Mycoses” Microsporum gypseum fungus breaks down keratin in hair by digesting it enzymatically, starting with less keratinized parts.
9 citations
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September 2013 in “Journal of Applied Animal Research” The genetic variation in the KAP13-3 gene may affect cashmere fiber traits in Liaoning goats.
20 citations
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March 2013 in “Journal of Lipid Research” The research explains how a human enzyme binds and processes its substrate, which could relate to its role in biological functions and hair loss.
1 citations
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August 2014 in “OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)” Alkylated keratin from human hair can help deliver growth factors for bone healing.
22 citations
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November 2014 in “Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics” Cysteines in wool fibers are accessible and form important disulfide bonds.
106 citations
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December 2015 in “Biomacromolecules” Keratin hydrogels can be customized for better tissue healing.
11 citations
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July 2014 in “Gene” The S250C variant in a gene may cause autoimmunity and immunodeficiency by impairing protein function.
28 citations
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December 2011 in “Biocatalysis and biotransformation” PDI helps restore over-bleached hair's strength and structure by attaching special peptides.
5 citations
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July 2014 in “Acta Crystallographica Section D-biological Crystallography” Mutations in the enzyme don't significantly change how it binds to its specific substances.
9 citations
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August 2007 in “Journal of animal science/Journal of animal science ... and ASAS reference compendium” Sheep wool follicles absorb different amino acids at various rates and locations, which could affect wool growth based on diet and genetics.
3 citations
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May 2024 in “Amino Acids” Disrupted cysteine metabolism may cause hair breakage in Alopecia Areata, suggesting potential treatments like N-acetylcysteine.
40 citations
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November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” S100A3 protein is crucial for hair shaft formation in mice.
36 citations
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November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
18 citations
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January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
17 citations
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December 2002 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” Scientists found out how a specific protein in human hair cuticles behaves and is structured.
4 citations
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December 2013 in “Acupuncture and related therapies” N-acetyl-cysteine shows promise in treating various diseases and may improve skin and hair conditions, but more research is needed on dosages and long-term effects.