192 citations
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January 1976 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgen levels increase with puberty and are linked to sexual hair development.
186 citations
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February 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology” During puberty, hormone levels rise, with early increases in some steroids and most menstrual cycles becoming regular by six years after menarche.
173 citations
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November 2004 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Adrenarche increases adrenal androgens around age 6, affecting hair growth and development.
142 citations
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February 1985 in “Fertility and sterility” Spironolactone reduced hair thickness and some testosterone levels in women with excessive hair growth.
134 citations
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March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” A new method accurately measures long-term steroid levels in human hair.
118 citations
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February 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility” Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.
100 citations
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April 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The ovary mainly causes high testosterone in PCO, while the adrenal gland is the main source in IH.
82 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” DHEA stimulates skin oil glands and could help postmenopausal women, with potential for acne and excessive hair growth treatments.
77 citations
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September 1983 in “Acta Paediatrica” Dexamethasone effectively normalizes elevated steroid levels in girls with premature adrenarche.
77 citations
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June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.
75 citations
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February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
74 citations
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February 2018 in “Stroke” Women have unique stroke risks due to hormones, contraceptives, pregnancy, and menopause.
71 citations
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August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
68 citations
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September 1990 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Minoxidil activates hair growth by being sulfated by P-PST in the human liver.
66 citations
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November 2001 in “European journal of endocrinology” Low SHBG and high FAI, FT, and DHEAS levels are effective in identifying PCOS.
56 citations
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January 1999 in “The Analyst” The method accurately measures certain steroids in human hair, showing different levels in males and females.
56 citations
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October 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Androgens play a complex role in skin conditions like acne and hair loss in women, and normal blood levels don't always show true androgen status.
56 citations
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October 1983 in “Archives of Dermatology” Some women with acne have higher levels of free testosterone, which might suggest using hormonal treatments for acne.
55 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
48 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cytokines and neuropeptides are key in controlling androgen levels, affecting skin and hair conditions.
47 citations
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June 2016 in “JAMA Dermatology” Men with early hair loss have similar hormone levels to women with PCOS, possibly increasing risk of obesity and heart issues.
46 citations
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August 1990 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Ketoconazole reduced hair growth and improved acne in women, but caused side effects needing careful monitoring.
38 citations
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January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Finasteride and flutamide effectively reduce hirsutism in PCOS women, with flutamide also lowering hormone levels.
36 citations
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October 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dihydrotestosterone can be made from dehydroepiandrosterone in skin cells without needing testosterone.
33 citations
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January 2013 in “Dermatology” Over half of the adult women with acne in the study had higher than normal levels of male hormones, especially DHEA.
32 citations
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January 2010 in “Journal of Korean Medical Science” A rare adrenal tumor in a 14-year-old girl caused male-like symptoms and was successfully removed.
31 citations
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January 2018 in “Pediatric annals” Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.
31 citations
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December 2016 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” DHEA reduction may be linked to frontal fibrosing alopecia, but more research is needed.
31 citations
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October 1971 in “Steroids” Human beard hair follicles change testosterone into other related hormones, but don't much change androstenedione into testosterone.
30 citations
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March 1980 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Adrenal androgens are important for puberty and are influenced by genetics.