January 2005 in “Seibutsu Butsuri/Seibutsu butsuri” Chemical treatments damage hair more than UV exposure, making it thinner and less flexible.
December 2023 in “Sains Malaysiana” The enzyme Rand protease works well for leather dehairing and its stability is important, with Leu75 playing a key role.
December 2025 in “Biopolymers” Heat worsens damage in chemically treated hair, especially bleached and straightened hair.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Heat and UV exposure damage hair structure by altering keratins.
November 2001 in “PubMed” Perming, combing, and stretching damage hair by reducing keratin.
9 citations
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January 1981 Nucleophilic reagents break down hair keratin, forming more lanthionine and lysinoalanine than in wool.
13 citations
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September 2014 in “Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology” UV radiation increases protein loss from hair and reduces hair protein quality.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
52 citations
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February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
January 2008 in “대한미용학회지” UV exposure severely damages hair, making it rough and weak.
75 citations
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November 1965 in “Textile research journal” Papain and bisulfite break down human hair by dissolving parts of it.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
8 citations
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August 1993 in “Colloid & Polymer Science” The observed "toughening" in keratin was actually due to water evaporation, not a real change in keratin.
2 citations
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January 2014 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” The new hair straightening method keeps hair straight permanently by using specific creams and heat.
11 citations
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January 2006 in “Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association” Oxidizing agents break down keratin in wool and hair, causing swelling and increased solubility.
40 citations
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September 2004 in “Biomacromolecules” The Glu413Lys mutation in keratin affects hair stability, while Glu413Asp does not.
3 citations
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January 2009 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Using both TGA and DTDG in hair straightening reduces hair damage compared to using TGA alone.
3 citations
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August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
July 2025 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” The model shows how heat damages hair, helping test hair care products.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Mercaptans make hair more prone to damage, with reduced hair being more affected than permed hair.
30 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Bleaching hair causes severe structural and chemical damage, including protein loss and oxidation.
18 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Straightening and coloring hair, especially with sodium hydroxide, greatly increases protein loss.
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Permanent waving damages hair protein and weakens hair, especially with repeated treatments using sodium thioglycolate.
1 citations
,
February 2003 UV radiation causes significant protein loss and color changes in hair, especially blond hair.
45 citations
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December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” UV radiation damages hair similar to bleaching, but double bleaching causes more severe protein degradation.
23 citations
,
May 2010 in “Surface and interface analysis” Chemical treatments and UV radiation severely damage the lipid layer on hair.
11 citations
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April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Using DNase enzymes to break down harmful NETs could be a new treatment for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.