12 citations
,
March 1995 in “Journal of the American Chemical Society” Finasteride modifies 5-alpha-reductases through a two-step process, affecting inhibitor potency and possibly causing side effects.
May 2024 in “Proteome science” Bleaching damages hair by reducing the quality of keratin and keratin-associated proteins.
August 2021 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” Using natural polyphenol cross-linkers like tannic acid and green tea extract in perm treatments improves curling and protects hair.
28 citations
,
January 2016 in “RSC Advances” A non-toxic formula using polycarboxylic acids strengthens and improves hair.
28 citations
,
December 2011 in “Biocatalysis and biotransformation” PDI helps restore over-bleached hair's strength and structure by attaching special peptides.
4 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
3 citations
,
January 2002 in “Springer eBooks” Alkaline hair relaxers damage hair, but cationic and non-ionic polymers can help reduce this damage.
1 citations
,
September 2008 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Using chelants in hair dye reduces fiber damage by preventing harmful radicals.
4 citations
,
December 2018 in “Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering” A new method accurately measures amino acids in treated hair, showing bleaching reduces amino acids while protein treatments increase them.
6 citations
,
January 2010 in “Neoplasma” Certain gene patterns in breast cancer are linked to how active hormone receptors are and could affect patient survival.
23 citations
,
June 2014 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Glyoxylic acid is a safer alternative to formaldehyde for hair straightening and effectively changes hair structure.
20 citations
,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.
April 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new hair perming method avoids damage and lasts longer than traditional methods.
March 2010 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening methods have advanced to improve effectiveness and reduce damage, but still rely on heat and chemicals.
January 2026 in “Molecules” A new perming method is less damaging to hair and works as well as traditional methods.
34 citations
,
April 2012 in “Molecular Biology Reports” The enzyme from Bacillus cereus can be used in detergents and leather processing.
December 2023 in “ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering” Keratin can be successfully taken from human hair using a mix of choline chloride and ethanolamine.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “PubMed” Permanent wave treatment with thioglycolic acid changes hair structure by altering disulfide bonds.
October 2015 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening changes hair structure and can cause damage if done wrong, but improvements in the methods are expected to continue.
75 citations
,
September 2015 in “Acta biomaterialia” Alkylation of human hair keratin allows for adjustable drug release rates in hydrogels for medical use.
8 citations
,
May 2020 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Certain treatments can increase protein binding to natural hair but are less effective on permed hair.
835 citations
,
October 2008 in “Nature Genetics” Lgr5 is a marker for active, long-lasting stem cells in mouse hair follicles.
417 citations
,
September 2005 in “PLoS biology” Understanding gene expression in hair follicles can reveal insights into hair growth and disorders.
211 citations
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April 2018 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.
211 citations
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October 2001 in “The FASEB Journal” Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.
147 citations
,
September 2006 in “Developmental Cell” Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.
136 citations
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January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology”
128 citations
,
March 2006 in “American Journal of Pathology” Prolactin contributes to hair loss by promoting hair follicle shrinkage and cell death.