249 citations
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April 2002 in “The FASEB journal” Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.
245 citations
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January 2018 in “Bone Research” TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.
242 citations
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February 2016 in “Science” Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.
222 citations
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January 2005 in “Endocrine journal” Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.
211 citations
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February 2009 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.
209 citations
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March 1989 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Interferon alfa-2a is effective for treating cutaneous T cell lymphoma but has significant side effects.
202 citations
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August 2007 in “Biomaterials” Artificial skin development has challenges, but new materials and understanding cell behavior could improve tissue repair. Also, certain growth factors and hydrogel technology show promise for advanced skin replacement therapies.
194 citations
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March 2003 in “American Journal of Pathology” Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.
192 citations
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March 2017 in “Cell host & microbe” Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.
187 citations
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December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
182 citations
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November 2017 in “Molecular Aspects of Medicine” The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.
175 citations
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December 2014 in “PLoS Biology” Macrophages help activate hair follicle stem cells, affecting hair growth and skin repair.
173 citations
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January 2014 in “Nature Cell Biology” Wnt signaling controls whether hair follicle stem cells stay inactive or regenerate hair.
173 citations
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.
165 citations
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September 2003 in “Toxicology and applied pharmacology” Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.
159 citations
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July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
158 citations
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August 2011 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.
155 citations
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May 2016 in “Nature communications” Memory T cells in the skin balance staying put and moving into the blood, clustering around hair follicles, and increasing in number after infection.
148 citations
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December 2018 in “Journal of autoimmunity” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.
144 citations
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March 2013 in “Circulation Research” K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.
144 citations
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September 2012 in “Genes & development” Aging causes skin stem cells to work less effectively.
143 citations
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October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.
133 citations
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February 2019 in “PLoS Biology” Feather patterns in birds are shaped by signaling interactions and cell movements, with EDA/EDAR crucial for pattern formation.
130 citations
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September 2018 in “Cell Reports” Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.
130 citations
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August 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Human hair follicle organ culture is a useful model for hair research with potential for studying hair biology and testing treatments.
128 citations
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August 2015 in “Cell Stem Cell” Damage to skin releases dsRNA, which activates TLR3 and helps in skin and hair follicle regeneration.
127 citations
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January 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Probiotic bacteria improved skin and hair health in aged mice.
127 citations
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June 2008 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.
124 citations
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October 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Janus kinase inhibitors are promising treatments for autoimmune skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.
120 citations
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August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.