July 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking DPP4 can help activate hair growth and improve hair regeneration.
39 citations
,
August 1998 in “FEBS Letters” Two new enzymes, PAD-R11 and PAD-R4, were cloned and showed activity, with PAD-R11 resembling epidermal enzymes.
September 2025 in “Science Advances” PADI4 enzyme slows down cell growth in developing hair follicles.
Targeting the PGI2 pathway may help heal diabetic foot ulcers.
June 2026 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” Peptides show promise for diagnosing and treating pancreatic cancer with high precision and low side effects.
124 citations
,
November 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.
28 citations
,
December 2011 in “Biocatalysis and biotransformation” PDI helps restore over-bleached hair's strength and structure by attaching special peptides.
Cadd4 effectively reduces cholesterol levels without side effects.
22 citations
,
November 2016 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Vitamin D receptor is important for regulating hair growth and wound healing in mice.
9 citations
,
August 2023 in “Molecules” Two peptides, RMYYY and VMYMI, may be effective anti-inflammatory drugs.
June 2025 in “Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology” Papain from papaya may help treat cardiovascular diseases by breaking down fibrin.
15 citations
,
November 2024 in “Pharmaceutics” Peptide drugs now target hard-to-reach proteins more effectively and specifically.
January 2018 in “Springer eBooks” PDE inhibitors, especially PDE4 inhibitors like apremilast, are effective for certain inflammatory skin conditions but have side effects and can be costly.
35 citations
,
July 2010 in “The FEBS journal” The study found a specific peptide that helps detect TGase 3 activity in skin and hair follicles.
5 citations
,
July 2014 in “Acta Crystallographica Section D-biological Crystallography” Mutations in the enzyme don't significantly change how it binds to its specific substances.
May 2010 in “Europe PMC (PubMed Central)” Near-infrared probes can safely and effectively image cysteine protease activity for disease diagnosis.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Treprostinil, a drug, can delay wound healing in healthy cells but doesn't affect diabetic foot ulcer cells, suggesting further research could help understand its role in treating these ulcers.
42 citations
,
May 1997 in “The Journal of Biochemistry” PAD type III enzyme is specific to rat skin and hair follicles.
3 citations
,
May 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Pro-Ile could be used in cosmetics to improve skin, hair growth, and healing.
34 citations
,
February 2016 in “Fertility and Sterility” More PDCD4 is linked to obesity, insulin problems, and cell death in ovaries for those with polycystic ovary syndrome.
New pyridine compounds effectively inhibit GSK3, a diabetes treatment target.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity” 2h-ICPR can help screen for insulin antibodies in type 2 diabetes patients.
86 citations
,
March 2018 in “ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering” MDP hydrogel heals wounds faster and better than other treatments in diabetic mice.
81 citations
,
February 2019 in “Experimental & Molecular Medicine” PAK4 is crucial in cancer progression, brain development, and could be a therapeutic target, especially through the PAK4-CREB axis.
37 citations
,
February 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology” Increasing PDCD4 protein may help prevent or treat some skin cancers.
11 citations
,
January 2022 in “Theranostics” Wnt4 is essential for heart repair and could be a target for heart disease treatment.
71 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” PAD enzymes play a key role in hair growth and structure.
December 2009 in “생명과학회지” Thymosin β4 and VEGF are important for organ function and may help with blood vessel formation.
19 citations
,
March 2017 in “Scientific Reports” HAT-L4 is crucial for preventing body fluid loss by maintaining skin barrier integrity.
40 citations
,
July 2023 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Targeted protein degraders show promise in treating cancer but need to target more diverse proteins.