39 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
11 citations
,
April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
6 citations
,
February 2021 in “Proteins” Researchers found that the most reachable bonds in wool fibers are near the ends of certain proteins, which help stabilize the fiber's structure.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
75 citations
,
March 2007 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” QSOX enzymes help form protein bonds in cells, especially in tissues with high secretory activity.
22 citations
,
November 2014 in “Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics” Cysteines in wool fibers are accessible and form important disulfide bonds.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Hair and wool strength is affected by the number and type of bonds in their protein structures, with hair having more protein aggregates than wool.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “PubMed” Permanent wave treatment with thioglycolic acid changes hair structure by altering disulfide bonds.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair's strength, especially when wet.
91 citations
,
December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.
70 citations
,
June 1998 in “Polymer” Permanent waving damages hair by disrupting its keratin structure.
52 citations
,
February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
51 citations
,
September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
47 citations
,
January 2017 in “RSC Advances” Keratin peptides can change hair shape gently without harsh chemicals.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” Hair is hard to dissolve because of its complex proteins, but certain solvents that break specific bonds and hydrate can do it.
29 citations
,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
25 citations
,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” Bleaching hair causes significant damage by breaking down proteins and fatty acids.
25 citations
,
May 2019 in “Heliyon” Hair treatments cause significant structural changes, especially with excessive heat, regardless of ethnicity.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
15 citations
,
January 1992 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” The Cell Membrane Complex in hair has both water-attracting and water-repelling layers.
14 citations
,
September 2016 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology” UV exposure damages hair, increasing thiols and altering protein structure.
13 citations
,
September 2014 in “Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology” UV radiation increases protein loss from hair and reduces hair protein quality.
13 citations
,
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair coloring increases copper and calcium uptake, damaging hair and reducing shine.
11 citations
,
September 1996 in “Journal of applied polymer science” Potassium cyanide treatment changes hair's disulfide bonds, making it more elastic.
10 citations
,
February 2018 in “Royal Society Open Science” Modified wheat protein in shampoo repairs and smooths damaged hair effectively.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Thioglycolic acid mainly affects the unordered areas in hair structure.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
9 citations
,
July 2014 in “Skin research and technology” Stretching damages Caucasian hair's structure more easily than Asian hair.