51 citations
,
September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
47 citations
,
January 2017 in “RSC Advances” Keratin peptides can change hair shape gently without harsh chemicals.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
42 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” Infrared and Raman imaging can non-destructively analyze hair structure and help diagnose hair conditions.
40 citations
,
April 1999 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry” S100A3 protein is mainly found in specific parts of human hair cells.
38 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Krtap11-1 is important for hair strength and structure.
35 citations
,
February 2006 in “Textile Research Journal” Enzymes xylanase and pectinase clean wool and specialty hair fibers effectively without damage, offering an eco-friendly alternative to soap and hot water.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” Hair is hard to dissolve because of its complex proteins, but certain solvents that break specific bonds and hydrate can do it.
29 citations
,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
25 citations
,
May 2019 in “Heliyon” Hair treatments cause significant structural changes, especially with excessive heat, regardless of ethnicity.
25 citations
,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” Bleaching hair causes significant damage by breaking down proteins and fatty acids.
24 citations
,
January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology” Sunlight exposure ages hair, making it brittle, stiff, and dry.
23 citations
,
April 2003 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin structure changes during keratinization, but the exact model remains uncertain.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
16 citations
,
October 2003 in “Journal of applied polymer science” 2-iminothiorane hydrochloride improves hair waving permanence without damage.
16 citations
,
January 2017 in “Physical chemistry chemical physics/PCCP. Physical chemistry chemical physics” The 3D structure of a key hair protein was modeled, revealing specific helical structures and stabilization features.
15 citations
,
January 1992 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” The Cell Membrane Complex in hair has both water-attracting and water-repelling layers.
14 citations
,
September 2016 in “Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology” UV exposure damages hair, increasing thiols and altering protein structure.
13 citations
,
July 2017 in “Biopolymers” Recombinant keratins can form useful structures for medical applications, overcoming natural keratin limitations.
13 citations
,
September 2014 in “Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology” UV radiation increases protein loss from hair and reduces hair protein quality.
13 citations
,
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair coloring increases copper and calcium uptake, damaging hair and reducing shine.
12 citations
,
June 2011 in “Journal of applied polymer science” L-phenylalanine and hydrolyzed eggwhite protein deeply penetrate human hair.
11 citations
,
January 2006 in “Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association” Oxidizing agents break down keratin in wool and hair, causing swelling and increased solubility.
11 citations
,
September 1996 in “Journal of applied polymer science” Potassium cyanide treatment changes hair's disulfide bonds, making it more elastic.
10 citations
,
February 2018 in “Royal Society Open Science” Modified wheat protein in shampoo repairs and smooths damaged hair effectively.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Thioglycolic acid mainly affects the unordered areas in hair structure.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
9 citations
,
July 2014 in “Skin research and technology” Stretching damages Caucasian hair's structure more easily than Asian hair.
9 citations
,
August 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Modified pep7, named EPM peptide, effectively promotes hair growth at low concentrations and works well with minoxidil.